120 
THE GARDENER’S V 
But the Ever-green Magnolias, particularly, being 
rather tender, and liable to luffer by the effe&s of fevere 
froft, Ihould generally, in their minor growth, be kept 
in pots, one plant in each, ready for moving under 
lhelter of a frame, or green-houfe, in winter, to proteft 
them in rigorous weather, in that feafon, till they have 
acquired fome tolerable degree of ftrength; then tranf- 
planted, with the balls of earth to the roots, into the 
full ground, in a warm part of the pleafure-ground, 
or (hrubbery; and in which, to have alfo occafional 
flielter in fevere winters, by an awning of mats, fup- 
ported upon a framing of poles and reds, arched over 
each plant; or fome planted again!! or near a fouth 
wall, &c. for the greater advantage of protettion. 
Or likewife, in the deciduous kinds, although of a 
hardier nature, it is proper to have fome in pots, as 
above, while young, for placing under lhelter from 
fevere froft, the firll two or three winters, till increafed 
in fome tolerable fize and ftrength, then turned out 
into the full ground; or others may be cultivated wholly 
in the open air, in a warm fituation. 
The different fpecies of Magnolias are cultivated for 
fale at all the principal nurferies, where they may be 
obtained of proper fizes for planting, about two, to 
three or four feet high; either occafionally, fome grow¬ 
ing in pots, convenient to tranfplant with balls, or 
fuch as admit of removing therewith from the full 
ground, or with as full roots as poftible. 
The feafon for planting them is either in autumn, 
about the middle or latter end of September, or any 
time in October and early part of November, for the 
^Ever-green Magnolia; the others in Oftober or No¬ 
vember aforefaid; or all the forts in the fpring months, 
when mild weather, in February, March, or April; 
and where convenient to remove, or tranfplant any with 
a ball of earth, either from pots, or the full ground, 
efpecially the Magnolia grandijlora , or any of the 
others, it will be of greater advantage in their prefent 
growth; though they will alfo fucceed without balls, 
where not convenient to remove them therewith, if 
, taken up with a full fpread of roots. 
In planting them in fhrubberies, and -other parts of 
the pleafure-ground, generally allot them a !heltered 
fituation in fome principal compartments ; and if in a 
(hrubbery, in affemblage with other ornamental trees 
and fhrubs, place them fomewhat forward, where they 
may be confpicuous to fight; or the ever-green kind, 
'in order to have it appear more diftinguifhable in its 
fingular beauty, is fometimes ftationed fingly upon 
grafs-plats, &c. in fome defended, warm part, either 
forming a fmall clump of ground therein, for each 
plant, or the grafs continued clofe up round the Hem, 
to -effe£l a more rural appearance: and, in any of the 
methods or orders of planting the different forts, they 
Ihould be trained with a fingle Hem below, pruning 
EGETABLE SYSTEM 
away the ’ateral fh lots, &c by degrees, and r 3 rmin ,> d 
to branch out above in full heads; and in iter, it is 
advifeable, in the Ever-green Magn ia particularly, 
as before obferved, to give protection* >m fevere froft, 
by erecting fome thin, pliant poles, rods, or hoops, 
arch-ways over each plant, at the appearance of fevere 
weather, and when the froft is rigorous, cover with 
large Ruflia garden mats. 
The propagation, or methods of railiag the different 
forts of Magnolias, is by feed, and layers and cuttings 
of the young fhoots; each according to the following 
intimations. 
The feed is commonly obtained in principal fupplies 
from America, by the feedfmen, in the fpring; and in 
which feafon, in March or April, they are generally 
fowed, either in a bed of light, good earth, in a warm 
fituation, or in middling pots, filled with fimilar foil, 
and covered in with fine mold half an inch to an inch 
deep; and thofe fowed in pots may either be plunged 
in a moderate hot-bed, to forward them a little, or 
placed in a frame defended occafionally with glaffes, 
or fet under fome warm fence; but generally removed 
to a (had-/ fituation in the heat of fummer, and wa¬ 
tered, and placed under lhelter of a frame, &c. in 
winter; and in the fpring, when the plants are a year 
old, (hould be transplanted, fome fingly, in fmall or 
moderate pots, others in a narfery-bed, in a warm 
compartment; and if thofe in pots are plunged in 
a gentle hot-bed, or bark-bed, for three or four weeks, 
or more, having plenty of air admitted, and watered 
occafionally, it will promote their frelh rooting fooner, 
and run them off more effectually in a free growth ; 
though, they will alfo fucceed without that afliftance; 
and in either method, give water in fummer, and pro¬ 
tection from froft in winter; training each with a fingle 
Hem below, and branches above; and when increafed 
in ftrength, the whole may be planted in the full 
ground ; or having attained two or three feet growth, 
are of eligible fize for the fhrubbery, &c. 
Or by layers and cuttings, the young fhoots are the 
proper parts; chuiing, for layers, the pliant, lower 
branches, in autumn or fpring, bowing them down, 
and lay the young (hoots into earth, in the ufual me¬ 
thod ; and for cuttings, take off fome young fhoots, 
fix or eight, to ten or twelve inches long, and planted 
in a bed or border; they will root the fame year, both 
layers and cuttings; or cuttings planted in pots, in 
March or April, and plunged in a bark-bed, will 
promote their rooting fooner; and the plants railed by 
thefe different methods, may be managed as advifed 
for the feedling-raifed plants, till of proper growth for 
final tranfplanting. 
Continue the whole in a fheltered fituation during 
their young growth, in the nurfery, &c. to have fome 
protection from fevere froft; or fuch as are contained 
in 
