Of TREES, SHRUBS, PLANTS, FLOWERS, and FRUITS. 137 
The Jail fpecies, Pinus Abies, and the firft two va¬ 
rieties thereof, are the common Pitch Trees, from 
which the pitch is obtained. 
7. Pinus canaden/s, Canada Spruce Fir. 
A large, ever-green tree, growing fixty feet high, 
or more—the leaves (/mall', Jhort , dark-green) linear, 
fomewhat obtufe fub-membranous, and placed fingly; 
and final!, loofe cones.—Native of North America. 
{Any common /oil, (Sc.) 
Variety. —White Canada Spruce Fir. 
Red Canada Spruce Fir. 
Black Canada Spruce Fir. 
American Hemlock Spruce Fir. 
8. Pinus Picea —(Picea, Turpentine Tree) or Sil¬ 
ver Fir. 
A llraight, lofty-growing, ever-green tree, feventy 
©c eighty,feet high—-the leaves {Jhort, fiat, dark-green ) 
©marginated or end-notched, filvery underneath, and 
placed iingly; and very long, ereft cones.—Native of 
the Mountains of Switzerland, Swedland, Bavaria, 
and the Highlands of Scotland. {Any common J'oil .) 
9. Pinus Ba / amea — (Balfamea) or Balm of Gilead 
Fir. 
A middling, ever-green tree, very branchy to the 
bottom, growing thirty or forty feet high—the leaves 
(/mall, jhortijh, light-green) obtufe, a little emargi- 
nated, or end-nicked, doubly lineated, or with two 
white lines on the ur.der-fide, punctured, and placed 
finglv; difpofed in a pedinated order, like the teeth 
of a comb; and Ihort, round cones.—Native of Vir¬ 
ginia, Canada, Sec. {Any common /oil.) 
3. Cedar and Larch Kinds (LARIX.) 
Dillinguilhed from the Common Pine and Fir Trees,, 
by the leaves being bundled, or growing many toge¬ 
ther, from one point, in pencil-form bunched, ipread- 
ing out each way; and large, oblong-roundilh, and 
{mall, acute cones. 
Leaves, in lunches. 
JO. Pinus Cedrus —(Cedrns lilani) or Cedar of Le¬ 
banon. 
A large, ever-green tree, of beautiful, fprca-ding 
growth, thirty, to forty or fifty feet high, or more— 
the leaves {/mail, fit//, dark-green) acute-pointed, 
fafciculate, or in bunches; and large, oblong-roundilh, 
clofe, hard cones.—Native of Syria, on Mount Liba- 
nus, Taurus, &c. {Dry or any common/oil, (Sc.) 
11. Pinus Larix —(Larix) Larch Tree, or Deci¬ 
duous Cedar. 
A large, deciduous tree, growing forty or fifty feet 
high—the leaves (fmall, briftly, light-green) obtufe, 
fafciculate, or in bundles; many growing from the 
fame point, deciduous; and fmall, acute cones.—Na¬ 
tive of the Alps of Switzerland, Stiria, Corinthia, 
Siberia, &c. {Any common/oil.) 
Varieties. —Red Larch Tree. 
White Larch Tree. 
Black American Larch Tree. 
Horizontal-fpreading Larch Tree, 
Dwarf Siberian Larch Tree. 
All, or mod of the foregoing fpecies and varieties 
of Pinus, are of the fird-rate tree kinds, afpiring 
each with a jingle, erett dem, to the different heights 
mentioned in the deferiptions of the refpeftive fpecies, 
generally in a taperirig growth, and branch oat all 
around, in circular rays, as already intimated, moft!> 
in regular, pyramidal heads, of beautifyl grandeur; 
all of the ever-green tribe, except the Pirns Larix , 
which is deciduous; and in all the forts the leaves 
are fmall, flender, aWl-lhape, and bridle-like; the 
flowers are alfo fmall, in male racems, and female, 
conic heads; appearing in fprlng and autumn ; fuc- 
ceeded by the cones : ripening in autumn, winter, and 
fpring following; and which, in mod of ripe fpecies, 
furnifli plenty of feed for flowing, whereby to propa¬ 
gate the different forts, as they are raifed only by that 
method. ^ 
Thefe trees are of conflderable value for ufeful and 
ornamental planting, beautiful in their growth, and 
their timber is of great worth for all kinds of build¬ 
ing; and being xnoffly of a refiacus nature, more or 
lefs, but more particularly the Fine and Fir kinds, 
which abounding in a flrong, refinous fubdance, the 
ufeful articles, pitch,, turpentine, rofin. Sec. is ob¬ 
tained, being extra&ed from the trees, in the places 
where they grow, in conflderable woods, both in fe- 
vcral parts of Europe and North America, in which 
there are natui H fbreds of vait extent, of the forts pe¬ 
culiar to.the different countries. 
The different fpecies of Pinus form a grand colltec— 
term of fine trees of great merit, to arrange in all 
pltafijreable and profitable plantations, - for beautifying 
pleafure-grounds, parks, and other premifes, and for 
the great improvement and embcllilhment of eflates; 
they b<ri»igjaljlbeajitiful in their general growth, fwift 
and ffruigiit growers, arriving to a vail height and 
magnitude; and their timber is of- the utmod value, as 
the principal wood employed in all kinds of building, 
and of fuperior excellence in fhip-building, efpecially 
for furniflung the fined marts in the world; more par- 
S ticularly 
