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v 
THE GARDENER’S VEGETABLE SYSTEM 
182 
Pear Trees, or nearly equal to that of the Apples, if 
thought expedient. 
In the intention of planting Pears and Apples, no 
time lhould be omitted, net to lofe a feafon or more, 
efpeciaiiy as it lhould be confidered that it will be fe¬ 
veral years before the trees begin to produce any to¬ 
lerable quantity of fruit, and in which, the Pears are 
generally longer than the Apples. 
The trees of all the forts thrive in any common 
foil of a garden, or in ground of fimilar quality, in 
orchards, fields, hedge-rows, 5 c c. 
As Pears conflft of a great variety of fine eating 
fruit, defirably-valuable for ufe in fummer, autumn, 
and winter, both for eating, baking. Hewing, &c. 
and alio, where in confiderable quantity, are of much 
ellimation for making perry, the trees lhould be ad¬ 
mitted in colledlion of different varieties, more or 
lefs, according to room, in gardens, orchards. Sec. to 
plant in ftandards, wall-trees, and efpaliers ; the fum¬ 
mer and autumn kinds, attaining perfeflion for eating 
immediately off the trees in thofe feafons, and will 
not keep long, efpeciaiiy the fummer Pears, ripening 
in July and Auguft, which feldom keep good but a 
few days; but the autumn kinds, attaining maturity in 
September and beginning of Odlober, will keep long¬ 
er, though fome of the forward varieties of that 
feafon continue only two or three weeks, and fome of 
the later forts near double that time, ferving for ufe 
till the winter Pears are in perfection; the winter 
Pears acquiring full growth on the trees, the begin¬ 
ning, middle, and towards the latter end of October, 
for gathering; few forts, however, for immediate eat¬ 
ing, except for culinary ufes, and being houfed, be¬ 
come mellow as they lie in the fruitery; attaining per¬ 
fection irl the different varieties, in regular fucceffion, 
during the winter. See. from November and Decem¬ 
ber, till March, April, and May. 
So that of the Pears, may plant plentifully in full 
and other ftandards, both of the fummer, autumn, and 
winter kinds, for the principal production, planted in 
gardens, orchards. Sec. twenty, to thirty or forty 
feet afunder ; and fome of the beft varieties allot for 
efpaliers, for .producing fruit in fuperior perfection, 
planted in the outward borders of the kitchen garden, 
&c. in a row, fifteen to eighteen or twenty feet dif- 
tance; and likewife, fome of the molt efteemed forts, 
in wall-trees, of the fummer and autumn kinds, planted 
the fame diftance as the efpaliers, fome upon fouth, 
and others on eaft and weft walls, to ripen fruit early, 
and in fucceffion, of improved growth and rich fla¬ 
vour ; allotting alfo a larger portion of the principal 
eating winter Pears, on walls of the fame afpeCt$> to 
attain all poffible perfection of full growth, that they 
may^keep well after being gathered, and acquire good 
maturity of mellownefs and rich flavour, more effec¬ 
tually, according to their refpeCtive kinds in different 
varieties. 
All the varieties of Pear Trees are raifed or propa¬ 
gated by grafting or budding the intended forts upon 
any kind of Pear flocks, railed from the feed or ker¬ 
nels of the fruit and fuckers; forming what are cal¬ 
led free flocks of ftrong growth, for large trees or full 
ftandards, &c. or for extenftve efpaliers and wall-trees; 
and on Quince flocks to have fmaller trees, both for 
ftandards, wall-trees, and efpaliers; and which alfo 
fooner become bearers than thofe on Crab or free 
flocks. 
Or all the forts, or any defired varieties, may be 
procured at the nurferies, ready raifed, of a proper 
growth for immediate planting; or may occafionally 
obtain fuch as are well advanced towards bearing; 
or that are fully arrived to that ftate, where required 
to have bearing-trees as foon as poffible. 
That as Pear Trees are generally feveral years be¬ 
fore they bear, no time fhould be loft in the deflgn for 
raifmg or planting, as they are commonly longer than 
moll other fruit-trees before they bear many tolerable 
abundance; as generally from the timeof grafting, Sec. 
it is five or fix years, or fometimes longer, before they 
give fruit; efpeciaiiy when grafted on Crab or free 
flocks, which occaftons their affuming a ftronger growth; 
running more confiderably to wood than thofe on 
Quince flocks; for thofe latter being of a very mo¬ 
derate growth, the trees grafted or budded thereon, 
not running fo greatly to wood, foon commence bear¬ 
ers; fo that it may be proper both to have fome work¬ 
ed on free flocks, for larger trees in full ftandards, and 
for extenfive wall and efpaiier-trees, as before ob- 
ferved; and others on Quince Hocks, for fmall ftand¬ 
ards, and for general efpalier and wall-trees, and to 
bear fooner. 
Apples being a fuperior valuable fruit, in a more ex¬ 
tenftve degree, than the Pears, of great ufe at mod 
feafons of the year, the trees in ftandards fhould be 
introduced more abundantly in every garden, and in 
orchards, hedge-rows. Sec. than of moll other fruit- 
trees; and where good extent of ground, have great 
plenty of the ftandards aforefaid for the principal pro¬ 
duction ; and to allot a portion of the principal forts 
for efpaliers in gardens, to produce fruit in fuperior 
goodnefs in growth and flavour; generally, in the 
whole, have an affortment of the fummer, autumn, and 
winter kinds, as much as room admits, to obtain 
the fruit in proper fucceflton from the earlieft to the 
lateft feafon; the fummer and autumn Apples being 
proper for ufe immediately off the trees, from jene 
and July till October; fome in young growth in 
June or July, quarter or half grown, as in Coe- 
lins, &c. to ufe in feveral culinary occaftons; and, 
in 
