Of TREES, SHRUBS, PLANTS, FLOWERS, and FRUITS. 
fhall. Tinder this head, proceed to give fome general 
intimation? relating to the fruit and culture of the trees, 
which being principally raifed in ftandards, and occafi¬ 
onally in efpaliers, and, in both of which, their mode 
of bearing being nearly fimilar to that of the Pears 
and Apples, already explained, there is no very ma¬ 
terial difference in the methods of cultivation. 
Quinces, however, are of inferior value to Apples 
and Pears, with regard to the general utility of the 
fruit; and a much fmaller portion of the trees is re¬ 
quired, or probably not more in proportion than one 
to ten or twenty, or more, for any general culture for 
thefupply of a family ; for thefe fruit, although beau¬ 
tiful in their large growth and golden-yellow colour, 
impart a high fragrance, are moftly too hard and au- 
flere to eat without fome previous preparation in 
cookery, &c. and from their very ftrong flavour and 
tafte, a fmall portion of the fruit ferves for thofe occa- 
iions; but as they are likevvife ufed for making marma¬ 
lade and Quince wine, larger quantities will be required 
accordingly. ' 
The Quince fruit, therefore, being too hard and af- 
tringent to eat raw, are valued principally for fome cu¬ 
linary or kitchen purpofes, in wdiich they, being of a 
lingular ftrong flavour and tafte, are ufed occafionally 
to flice in apple pies, tarts, apple fauce, &c. to im¬ 
prove the flavour in a high relifh, where required; 
and, as before intimated, are in eftimation for making 
marmalade. Quince wine, aad fome other domeftic oc- 
cafions; and for all of which purpofes, the fruit attains 
perfection in autumn, in September and O&ober, both 
for immediate ufe off the trees, and being gathered in 
OCtober, when of full growth, houfed and covered 
clofe with ftraw, will keep good fome conliderable time 
to ufe occafionally. 
That according as Quinces may be in requeft for 
the above purpofes, the trees may be admitted in a 
fmaller or larger portion, from two or three, to feveral 
or many. 
The trees are cultivated principally in fmall ftand¬ 
ards in gardens, orchards, or any out-grounds, or by 
the fides of ponds, watery ditches, &c. as they de¬ 
light in moift places; though they will alfo grow in 
any common foil and fituation; and fome may likewife 
be trained in efpaliers, in affemblage with thole of 
Pears and Apples, but in a fmaller portion, by way of 
variety to diverfify the efpalier plantations in different 
kinds of fruit, and the trees will appear ornamental both 
in their bloffomand fruit, which will alfo acquire an im¬ 
proved growth, and, when full grown, appear beautiful 
in its large fize, and golden-yellow colour; however, 
the fruit attains abundant perfection onftandards, which 
mr.y be planted any where in open expofures, and raif- 
*95 
ed both in half and full ftandards, with fterr.s, three or 
four, to five or fix feet, and to branch out at thefe 
heights to form the head. 
Thofe trees are of very moderate growth, the branch¬ 
es flender, producing the bloffom and fruit upon fmall 
natural fpurs emitted at the fides and toward the ex¬ 
treme part of the branches, nearly fimilar to the Peart, 
&c. but the bloffoms, &c. generally come fmgly, ard 
the fruit produced conlequently in the fame manner, 
only one in a place; and obferving that, as in their na¬ 
ture of bearing, the fame branches continue mai y 
years fruitful, furniftiing bearing fpurs quite to their 
extremity, they Ihould not be Ihortened, but permitted 
to extend in their full growth. 
They are raifed or propagated, either both by graft¬ 
ing and budding upon ftocks of their own kind, raif¬ 
ed from the feed or kernels of ripe Quinces, or fuck¬ 
ers from the roots of Quince Trees, or occafionally 
upon Pear ftocks, to have trees of larger growth; and 
may alfo raife the trees wholly from fuckers, layers, 
and cuttings, to run naturally without grafting, See. 
or likewife, occafionally, from the feed or kernels of 
the Quinces, but thefe will not bear near fo feon as. 
grafted trees, or thofe raifed from layers, cuttings, 
&c. of the young branches and Ihoots of trees of the 
defired varieties. 
Or young ready-raifed Quince Trees, for immediate 
planting, may be procured of proper growth at tire ge¬ 
neral nurferies in the common planting feafons. 
But when defigned to raife fupplies of the trees, if 
intended by grafting, &c. provide eligible ftocks, 
raifed either from kernels of the fruit, or fuckers from 
the roots, in autumn or fpring, and when of proper 
growth, of two or three years, or more, graft them in 
the fpring, or bud them in fummer, upon the proper 
ftocks, at three, four, to five or fix feet, for ftandard- 
trees, and at fix or eight inches for efpaliers; or raif# 
the trees wdiolly from fuckers, layers, or cuttings, 
which may be planted in autumn, about October, No¬ 
vember, and December, or in the fpring; or may fow 
kernels of the fruit at the fame feafons, either for na¬ 
tural trees, or ftocks for grafting: the fuckers from 
Quince roots are proper to plant off, for the above 
purpofes, when of one or twoyearsgrowth, and planted 
in nurfery-rows, and for layers and cuttings, Ihould 
generally be of the young wood of a year old, which 
will root in one year; and all of which young plants 
may be trained up in nurfery-rows, either in ftocks 
for grafting, &c. or -continued in their natural Hate, 
as may be thought convenient. 
In the above different methods, the trees may be 
raifed in half and full ftandards, trained in Angle, 
B b 2 clean 
