202 
THE GARDENER'S VEGETABLE SYSTEM 
nr.d fmall yellow flowers, fucceeded by round berries. 
—Native of Paleflinc, Syria, ^Ethiopia, &c. (Dry, 
warm Jit nation, or againfi a fouth wall, or fome in 
pots, to place in a green-boufe in winter.) 
6. Rhamnus lineatus, —Lineated-Ieaved, Chinefe 
Rhamnus, called Supple Jack. 
A large, deciduous fhrub, with long, pliant Items 
and branches—unarmed, or without thoms; the leaves 
(/mail) ovate, lineated, repand or ferpentined, net¬ 
ted on the under fide; and hermaphrodite flowers.— 
Native of China. (Any common foil.) 
7. Rhamnus Alaternus — { Alaternus) commonly call¬ 
ed Alaternus. 
A large,, ever-green fhrub, of branchy, bufhy 
growth, eight, ten or twelve feet high, or more—un¬ 
armed or without thorns; the leaves (/mail, dark- 
green) ovate, firm and fhining, fawed and intire, in 
different varieties; and fmall, greenifh, dioicous flow¬ 
ers, with a triple ftigma; fucceeded by fmall, round 
berries-. Native of the fouthern parts- of Europe. 
( Any foil and filiation.) 
This fpecies (Alaternus) bears a great refemblance 
to the Phillyrea, but differ in the fituation of their 
leaves, which in the latter grow in pairs oppofite, and 
in the Alaternus is placed alternate or one above ano¬ 
ther, fingly.. 
Varieties. —Common green-leaved Alaternus. 
Broad-leaved Alaternus. 
Narrow-leaved Alaternus. 
Jagged-leaved Alaternus. 
Bloachad-leaved Aliternus. 
Silver-ftriped-leaved Alaternus, 
Gold-fbiped-leaved Alaternus. 
Sawed-leaved Alaternus. 
Intire-leaved Alaternus. 
Rhamnus lyeioides, Lycium-like Spanifh Buck¬ 
thorn. 
A middling ever-green fhmb, eight or ten feet 
high—thorny, armed with terminal thorns; the leaves 
{ /'mall, dark-green) ovate linear.—Native of Spain. 
(Warm, dry, fituation.) 
9. Rhamnus Oleoides —(Oleoides) or Olive-leaved’ 
Spanifh Buckthorn. 
A middling ever-green fhrub, eight or ten feet high 
—thorny, armed with terminal thorns; leaves (Jmall, 
dark-gieen) oblong and intire.'—Native of Spain. 
(Warm, dry fituation.), 
All the above hardy fpecies of Jfbarmu/ are em¬ 
ployed in fhrubbery plantations, to encreafe the vari¬ 
ety, in their different growths and foliage, and feme t* 
introduce as ornamental fhrubs, particularly the Ala- 
ternuffes as elegant ever-greens, more beautiful for de¬ 
corative planting than mod of the deciduous fpecies of 
this Genus; though none of the fpecies thereof are of 
the ornamental-flowering kind; at leaft, the “flowers, 
being fmall and of a greenifli colour, they do not make 
any confpicuous appearance; but the plants, trained 
in bufhy ftandards, ferve to diverfify large fhrubbery 
compartments, in affemblage with other fnrubs and 
trees; or the Alaternus, however, in its different va¬ 
rieties, being very fine ever-greens, are deferable 
fhrubs to afliflr in adorning the principal fhrubbery 
clumps, fpacious borders, and other parts of pleafore- 
grounds, for ornament; and the Common Buckthorn 
is fometimes planted for outward hedges, but is inferi¬ 
or to the hawthorn for that purpofe. 
The above different fpecies of Rhammtt .-are moftly 
hardy to grow in any common foil and fituation; are 
generally of a free growth, with branchy, full heads, 
clofely garnifhed with leaves, and produce flowers in May 
and June, fmall andgreenifh, mofdy hermaphrodite, cr 
fome dioicous, or male and female apart, on feparate 
trees; fucceeded by plenty of berries in the Common 
Buckthorn, Berry-bearing Alders, and the Alaternus,. 
but not fo common in the others in this country; are 
of utility principally for fowing, or fome for medicine; 
and where the berries for fowing are not attainable, -all 
the forts are raifed abundantly from layers. 
They are trained principally in ftandard fhrubs, to 
branch out in full heads, either branchy from the bot¬ 
tom, or occafionally pruned up below to a Angle ftem, 
one, two, or three feet, or more, and to branch out 
bufhy above. 
Gr the Alatemufles are alfo proper to plant in a 
fpreading expanfion againft walls or buildings, in 
fore-courts or other parts where required-to have nak¬ 
ed walls or palings, &c, covered therewith to appear 
green at all feafons; and for which occafion the 
Bloached and Striped-leaved kinds are generally pre¬ 
ferred, though the common green fort, in its ftronger 
growth, will fooner fpread and effeft the intended pur¬ 
pofe ; however, any or all the varieties may be em¬ 
ployed, planted clofe to the walls, &c. two or three 
feet afunder, and the branches expanded and nailed to 
the wall or palings; and in their advancing growth, 
cut off all projefting fhoots in fummer and autumn. 
Likewife the Alatemufles were formerly trailed in¬ 
to ornamental, ever-green hedges, though-are feldom 
ufed now for that purpofe, as in the prefent ftile of 
laying out gardens, moft forts of-internal hedges are 
rejected. 
Moft 
