209 
Op TREES, SHRUBS, PLANTS, FLOWERS, and FRUIT 5 ,- 
They are trained principally in ftandard-buflies, for 
the general plantation, with a (hort Hem, fix, to twelve 
or fifteen inches, to (hoot out branchy above, in bufhy 
heads, and planted in rows in the open quarters of a kit- 
chen-garden, or where required; and fome trained in a 
fpreading growth, againft walls, palings, and efpaliers, 
more especially Currants, to produce early, larger, and 
late fruit; or likewife a few Goofeberries againft walls, 
&c. both to furnifti fome early green fruit for tarts, 
and fome for early ripening. 
Thefe buflies have general merit to cultivate plen¬ 
tifully in every garden, for the great ufefulnefs of their 
abundant production of berries, proper for ufe feveral 
months in fummer, in their young green growth and 
ripe ftate together; more efpecially the Red and White 
Currants, and the Goofeberries; but not fo valuable in 
the Black Currants, which, on account of its peculiar 
ftrong flavour, is not in general efteem as a table 
fruit; it being more valuable to prepare in a medicinal 
way, particularly for fore throats or the quinfey, in 
which they are efteemed of great efficacy; and hence 
are often called Squinancy Berries. 
But the Red and White Currants, and the Goofe- 
berry, aforefaid, are valuable family fruit, excellent 
both when young and green, efpecially the Goofe¬ 
berries, as fome of the firft ufeful green fruit for tarts, 
pies, fauces, &c. in April, May, and June; alfo in 
their full-grown and green ftate, for bottling, to keep 
for autumn and winter; and when ripe in June, July, 
and Auguft, are molt agreeable and wholefome eating 
fruit; and the Currants likewife, of the Red and White 
kinds particularly, are fometimes uled occafionally, 
while green, for tarts, Sec. but in their mature ripe 
growth, are fine and refre(hing to eat raw; and the 
Red kinds, in their ripe ftate, are alfo exceedingly ufe¬ 
ful for tarts, pies, currant jelly. &c. and both Red and 
White forts are efteemed for Currant wine; and for 
which occafions, are in perfection from June to Sep¬ 
tember; or fome may be continued, in good maturity, 
on the trees till October or November, if (haded from 
the fun in autumn, and defended from the birds. 
So that in confideraticm of the great utility of thefe 
fruit, both of the Red and White Currants and Goofe¬ 
berries, for the fervice of a family, and profitable to 
raife for market, great plenty of the buflies fhould be 
admitted in every garden, both of large and fmall ex¬ 
tent; having the principal fupply in ftandard-buflies, 
as before intimated, for the general produftion, plant¬ 
ed in a row round the quarters of a kitchen-garden, 
fix or eight feet afunder; or fome in crofs rows to di¬ 
vide large quarters of ground into breaks of twenty 
or thirty, to forty or fifty feet wide; likewife, in ex- 
tenlive grounds, are planted in continued clofe planta¬ 
tions, in rows, fix, eight, or ten feet afunder, by fix 
feet in each row, as commonly praClifed in many of the 
large kitchen-grounds round London,.to furnifti conli- 
derable quantities of fruit for the markets of that metro¬ 
polis: (hould likewife allot a portion for training againft 
walls,particularly the Currants, to improve the iize and 
flavour of the fruit; oralfoa few Goofeberries for early 
fruit; and likewife may train (ome in efpaiiers, both ot 
Currants aud Goofeberries. 
The Black Currant (hould alfo be admitted in the 
collection, in a fmaller portion, or as may be required, 
either principally in ftandard-buflies, or fome againft 
walls. 
Young trees for planting, may be obtained, of all th* 
forts, at the public nurferies, of proper growth, ot two 
or three feet, furnifhed with handlome full heads for 
immediate bearing, plentifully the firft year, if plant¬ 
ed in the proper (eafon, either in autumn about Octo¬ 
ber or November, or any time in winter in open wea¬ 
ther, or in the fpring in February or March, before 
they begin to bud or lhoot confiderably; or all the 
forts may be raifed expeditioufly and plentiful by the 
following methods. 
They are propagated or raifed principally by cut¬ 
tings of the young (hoots; or may alfo be railed abun¬ 
dantly by fuckers rifing from the roots; or alfo by¬ 
layers of the branches; or by feeds, to obtain new vari¬ 
eties, efpecially the Goofeberries, which run into dif¬ 
ferent varieties very abundantly, but not in the Cur¬ 
rants: however, the principal propagation ot both Cur¬ 
rants and Goofeberries is generally effected by cutting- 
and fuckers, in the autumn or fpring. The cuttings 
mull be young (hoots of "the laft fummer; chuie thofe 
of middling-ftrong growth, cutoff about tenortwelve, 
to fifteen or eighteen inches long; prune the weak, beetl¬ 
ing tops, if any, and plant them by dibble in rows, a 
foot afunder, inferted about one third or half into the 
ground; they will emit roots freely below, and (hoots at 
top; and by fuckers from the roots, thefe are proper 
when of one or two years growth; dig them up any 
time in open weather, from October to March, with 
roots to each; cut away fide-fhoots, and prune weak, 
long, or crooked tops; or any fuckers with full heads may 
have them continued, or only cut off irregular (hoots, 
thereof; and thus plant them, either in a nurlcry for 
training, efpecially the fmaller; or ftrong fuckers may 
be planted at cnce where they are intended to re¬ 
main. 
Ohlcrve, gencrallvin plantingthc cuttings and fuck¬ 
ers, or particulaily the latter, that in thofe defigned 
for upright ftandard-buflies particularly, fhould not cut 
them very fliort, but retain fome of proper length, to 
form a ftem above ground of fix, eight, or ten inches, 
or more, according to their ftrengtb, to branch out at 
fome diltancc from tho ground, to form the head. 
D d Or, 
