210 
THE GARDENER’S VEGETABLE SYSTEM 
Or, in the propagation by fuckers, that where any 
trees have been permitted to run up in fuckers from 
the bottom, in fevered items, two, three, or Seve¬ 
ral years growth, advancing quite from the root, and 
fometimes furniflied with branchy heads above; the 
trees may either be wholly digged up, and divided in¬ 
to as many feparate plants as they admit, with roots 
to each, or only the encreafed Hems detached from the 
parent trees,, as they Hand; and may all be planted at 
once where they are to continue; and which, being fome¬ 
times of advanced branchy growth, forming at once 
handfome plants, will commence immediate bearers. 
But the propagation by fuckers, is by fome rejected, 
^s fuppofing the trees railed by that method are apt 
to run more to fuckers, and not form bearers fo foon, 
nor plentiful, as trees from cuttings, though I never 
ebferved any very material difference, for raifed in any 
method, all the tribe of Currants and Goofeberries are 
much difpefed to produce many fuckers from the roots. 
Layers, either of the young wood or bearing branch¬ 
es, in autumn, winter, or fpring, will mod readily root, 
to tranfplant in autumn following, though this method is 
feldom praCtifed. 
To raife new varieties of Goofeberries from feed, 
this is obtained from the ripe fruits in autumn; fow it 
either the fame fealon or the fpring, in a border or 
bed of light earth; and when the plants are come up 
about one year’s growth, tranfplant them in a nurfery 
to advance to a proper nze for bearing, when, if any 
produce fruit of fuperior property in fize, &c. they 
may be marked for culture, to propagate from by cut¬ 
tings, fuckers, &c. as in the common method. 
In the advancing growth of the young trees in ge¬ 
neral, raifed from cuttings, fuckers, &c. thofe defigned 
for ftandard-bufhes, fhould commonly be trained with 
a Tingle Item below, of fix or eight, to twelve or fifteen 
incites,, by cutting off all collateral under-fnoots from 
the main one, and then permitted to branch out freely 
above in full heads, cutting out irreguhr, crofs-placed, 
and fuperfluous fhoots, leaving the others at equal mo¬ 
derate diilances; or if thefe firft fnoots are not fuffici- 
ent in number to form the head in the beginning, they 
may be pruned down low to promote their fhooting out 
full and ftocky; but after which, do not fhorten the ge¬ 
neral retained fhoots before they advance of fome to¬ 
lerable growth in height-, except very long rambling 
or Itraggling Ihoots, which may prune, more or lefs, 
equal to the extent of the general branches. 
Thofe intended for walls and efpaliers may gene¬ 
rally be trained with fhort Hems, of only half a foot, 
or lefs, to branch out from or near the bottom, in a 
fpreading expanfion, cutting off the projecting fhoots, 
and have the others range in aline to the right and left. 
The ftandard-bufhes, trained as before advifed, with 
a Tingle ftem, fix or eight, to ten or twelve inches, or more, 
is neceffary, that they may branch out above at fome 
diftance from the ground, in which they will both ap¬ 
pear of handfomer growth, and not incommode any 
under-crops, as when they branch out immediately 
from the bottom, and which alfo renders it trouble- 
fome to dig or perform other neceffary culture to the 
ground or crops thereon, near the bufhes, as well as 
more detrimental to the faid crops. 
When the trees, raifed and trained as ahove, are of 
two or three feet growth in height, they are proper 
for fintal planting, which may be performed any time-, 
from Odtober to March, in open weather. 
Plant the ftandard-bufhes principally in the kitchen- 
garden, or round any main quarters or divifions, or in. 
the furrounding borders thereof, in a Tingle row, fix or 
eight afunderfeet; or fome alfo planted in crofs-rows to 
divide the large quarters of ground into breaks, as before 
obferved; which will both appear regular, afford fome 
fhelter to the ground in winter, and encreafe the quan¬ 
tity of fruit; or fome may likewife be planted in con¬ 
tinued clofe plantations, where large quantities of the 
fruit are required, planted in rows eight or ten feet 
afunder, by five or fix feet in the rows, as formerly in¬ 
timated. 
And in all the above different orders of planting the 
ftandard-bufhes, generally keep them ftill trained in a 
fingle ftem below, by clearing away all root-fuckers and 
lateral fhoots from the ftem; and let them branch above 
in full heads, but keep the heads regular by requifite 
pruning, to cut out any diforderly crofs-placed growths, 
and thin others where fuperfluous or crouded, whereby 
to have the general principal branches five or fix inch¬ 
es afunder; forming the head either concave or hol¬ 
lowed in the middle, by cutting out the central branch¬ 
es, to admit the fun and air more effectually to the 
fruit; or permitted to run up branchy in the middle, 
the branches kept thin, as above: and, in either method, 
they may be permitted to advance in full growth, in large 
heads; or only fhorten any ramblers; or if required to 
keep the heads down, or within fmaller compafs, they may 
be Shortened more in proportion, but by no means cut 
the fhoots down ftumpy, or fhorten them confiderably, 
which would occafion their running into numerous ufe- 
lefs fhoots in fummer, in a diforderly thicket. 
But as thefe bufhes generally fend out many unnecef- 
fary fhoots annually, from the Tides and ends of the 
mother branches or main bearers, they will require 
fome pruning every year, to retrench the fuperfluous 
growths; performing the principal pruning in winter, 
or any time from October to March, in whirh, cut out 
all the unneceflary and improper lateral fhoots clofe to 
the main branches, whence they originate; retaining 
