ICG 
If I correctly understand Mr, Barber, lie has established the root connection of Santa him with 
Casuarina and Lantana. Hence it is evident that the sandal-tree lives and thrives while its roots are in 
intimate connection with the roots of many other plants belonging to different orders and having different 
structure and organisation. Foresters in Mysore and Coorg have long known by actual experience that 
the tree thrives well when growing in company with Casuarina and Lantana. But they have also known 
that it flourishes when growing in hedges and among shrubs where no Casuarina or Lantana is near. 
The sandal-tree, most probably, takes up a large proportion of those mineral substances which it 
lequires, not directly from the soil, but through its haustoria from the roots of those plants with which it 
lives. It is well known that plants do not take up indiscriminately all substances which are offered to 
their roots in a soluble state ; they have the power of selecting those substances which suit them best. 
The majority of trees and shrubs, for instance, leave soda salts alone and take up instead potassium salts 
from the soil. The coffee-bush takes up a large proportion of magnesia, the bamboos take up enormous 
quantities of silica, and tobacco extracts lithium from soil in which this element is present in the most 
minute quantities. Doubtless therefore, there are only certain species which are capable of furnishing 
those mineral salts which sandalwood requires. But we have seen that these species are very numerous, 
and that they belong to a large number of different natural families. 
******** 
On the present occasion I would mention two questions of great practical importance :—(1) Has the 
tree effective root hairs, and is it capable of taking up directly from the soil a portion of the food it requires ? 
(2) Which species are the most useful companions of the sandalwood 1 
It is interesting that at the present time also a Japanese botanist has made 
the discovery of parasitism in another Santalaceous genus. 
An addition to our knowledge of semi-parasitic plants is made by Mr. S. Ivusano, who contributes 
the result of his studies on Buekleya quadriala, a genus of the Santalacese, to the Journal of the Colleye 
of Science, Tokio. The plant was found growing naturally on several hosts, some Dicotyledons, and some 
Gymnosperms, but a decided preference and better development was displayed on the roots of Abies and 
Cryptomeria. The haustoria arise laterally in the young stage, but eventually appear to originate from the 
apex, or in reality in close proximity to the apex. A feature which has only been suggested for allied 
genera, e.y., secondary growth due to cambium, is in Buekleya so marked that the contour of the vascular 
strand is entirely changed, and definite medullary layers become differentiated. Since the cambiums are 
adjacent and develop tissue to the same degree, the sucker keeps pace with the growth of the host root.* 
* Nature, January 15, 1903, p, 253, 
EXPLANATION OF PLATE. 
A. Inflorescence. 
b. Flower seen from above, showing disk, stamens, and short style. 
C. Side view of flower. 
D. Vertical-section of flower. 
E. Anther. 
F. Disk. 
c. Side view of disk. 
ii. Drupe crowned by the persistent corolla-lobes (perianth lobes), 
I. Drupe opened showing— 
a. Fleshy epicarp, 
b. Hard endocarp (Quandong) much pitted. 
Sidney : William Applegate Gullick, Government Printer.—1933. 
