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is responsible. It is a most valuable timber tree, and for manufacturing purposes is far more so than Red 
Gum ; the texture or grain of the wood is not unlike that of Jarrah, but it is not interlocked, being more 
fissile or straight in the grain ; the wood is clean, without knots, and singularly free from faults common 
to most eucalypts—gum-wells, veins, or dry rot. 
A marked peculiarity of this tree is its preference for auriferous localities, as it is invariably found 
growing on the quartz ironstone ridges along the main leads of the more important gold-fields. The tree is 
a fast grower, and has a clean straight stem, with an average height of 40 feet. 
Matured timber is now very scare, and on the most of the gold-fields it has been cut out. Millions 
of young trees are taking the place of the old matured ones, and in a few years, with care and attention, 
large quantities of this valuable wood will be again available. The timber is suitable for wood blocks and 
carriage or coach building. It is a tree which should be specially protected by proclamation from cutting 
in its sapling state. Ten of thousands of young trees have been cut on all the mining centres for firewood 
for engine fires as well as household use. 
Exudations. —Its bark contains large quantities of kino, which also 
permeates the wood. 
Mr. Forester Allan, writing to me, says:— 
I obtained the gum from the ironbark by boiling the bark and straining the liquor, after which I 
reduced it to a thick consistency. Large quantities can be obtained by this process at little cost. 
It will probably be found useful for tanning purposes. 
Size. —It attains a height of 100 feet and a diameter of 4 feet, though 
usually it is much smaller Foresters Postlethwaite, of Grenfell, and Marriott, of 
Dubbo, both quote the height as 100 feet, and the diameter as 2 feet. Forester 
Martin, formerly of Dubbo, gave the height as 40 to 60 feet, and the diameter 
as 18 inches to 3 feet. 
Habitat. —In New South Wales it occurs in the bush between Parramatta 
and Liverpool, in paddocks at South Creek, and in the neighbourhood of Richmond, 
and again beyond the Blue Mountains, near Mudgee and Wellington, and else¬ 
where, being widely diffused over the auriferous districts of the western and south¬ 
western interior. It is rare in the southern part of the State, becoming more 
plentiful on the ranges near Moruya; getting more plentiful further north. It is 
usually found on poor, sterile, ranges, and is usually unaccompanied (except in the 
Dubbo district) by any other species of ironbark. 
The following more detailed notes are by Mr. R. H. Cambage :— 
It is rarely found growing at an altitude exceeding 2,000 feet above sea-level. In going west it is 
first met with on the western line beyond Kerr’s Creek, and on the Orange to Forbes line beyond Molong, 
so that it covers much the same country as E. tereticornis, var. dealbata, and also prefers ridges. Tn the 
west this species bears a profusion of blossoms in the months of April and May. It is fairly plentiful 
between the Macquarie and Murrumbidgee Rivers, occurring in patches, and shows a decided preference 
for sedimentary formations.—(/Voc. Linn. Soc., N.S. IT., 1900, 715.) 
This ironbark is commonest in the Central Division of New South Wales and 
its “curving boundary” to the west (as far as I know it) is a line roughly drawn 
through Germanton (near the Murray), Wagga Wagga, llillston, Nymagee, Cobar, 
Dubbo, Narrabri, Warialda, Inverell, and thence to the Darling Downs, in Queens¬ 
land. I shall be glad if correspondents will favour me with any localities west of 
this boundary. 
