210 
No. 61. Part XIV. 
Eucalyptus coriacea, A. Gunn. 
A WHITE or CABBAGE GUM. 
(Natural Order Myrtaceje.) 
Eor a fuller botanical account of this species, see my “ Critical Revision of 
the Genus Eucalyptus,” Part V. —(Government Printer, Sydney.) 
No. 62. Part XV . 
Casuarina Cunninghamiana , Miq. 
THE BIVER OAK. 
(Natural Order Castjarinace^e.) 
Aboriginal Names. —See vol. ii, p. 119. 
No. LXNI of Mr, Charles Moore’s specimens of northern woods sent to the 
London Exhibition of 1862 has the aboriginal name of “ Worgnal,” and is thus 
described by Mr. Moore :—“ Swamp Oak ; damp situations in open forest country. A 
very common tree, attaining a large size on the Richmond. Timber used occasionally 
for staves and shingles.” 
Mr. Moore, however, calls it C. quadrivalvis ; it is probably, from the 
description, C. Cunninghamiana. 
Habitat. —See vol. ii, p. 120. 
Under C. glauca (Swamp Oak), I have already discussed its relations to the 
brackish nature of the soil. In the following interesting observations by Mr. R. H. 
Cambage, he has discussed the matter also, but more particularly in regard to the 
localities of growth of C. Cunninghamiana. I trust that the matter will lead to 
further inquiry:— 
C. Cunninghamiana is, so far as I have been able to observe, purely a fresh-water tree, and must 
not be confused with the Swamp Oak, C. glauca, often found near salt water along the coast. The former, 
in addition to growing near fresh water, is generally an indication of good drinking water, while the latter, 
though usually on salt flats, will sometimes follow up fresh-water creeks ; but in such cases it often happens 
that the stream is sluggish, and the water brackish. A remarkable instance of how trees are sometimes 
restricted to their proper conditions occurs at the head of Burrill Lake, near Ulladulla. This inlet is 
chiefly supplied with ocean water, and in many places on the flats around its margin there are trees of 
C. glauca (Swamp Oak), which extend westward practically as far as the salt water goes, a distance of 
about 4 or 5 miles. At this point, the lake assumes the form of a salt-water river, which again narrows 
at a slightly higher level into a fresh water creek. Oak trees may be seen continuing up the fresh water 
stream, known as Woodstock Creek, for a distance of scarcely half a mile ; hut, curiously, these are not 
C. glauca at all, but C'. Cunninghamiana, which, with their finer branchlets and smaller fruits, can easily 
be distinguished from the former species. Above the point where the oaks cease, the creek soon becomes 
smaller, and is scarcely what is considered large enough to boast of oak-trees, while below the River Oaks 
the water is salt. The nearest point to this at which C. Cunninghamiana may be found is on the Clyde 
River, about a dozen miles westerly across mountains exceeding 1,000 feet high. The formation imme¬ 
diately surrounding the fresh-water oaks is Plutonic, but the country drained by the head-waters of the 
