157 
‘‘Iron-wood,” which it sometimes bears, is given to it on account of its colour, hardness and durability. 
The natives of the South Sea Islands make clubs of it. The weight per cubic foot varies from 55 lb. to 
63 lb, according to Gamble. Diameter, 12 to 20 inches ; height, 50 to 70 feet. 
Clubs made of this wood are used in Fiji for beating the bark of the Paper 
Mulberry ( Broussonetia papyrifera, Yent.) in the manufacture of Tapa cloth. {Cat. 
Kew Museums.) 
All the above refer to the typical form, and the timber of the variety appears 
to be much the same. 
Habitat. —Bentham gives the following localities in the Flora Australieusis 
for the typical form of the species :— 
North Australia. —North coast, A. Cunningham ; islands of the Gulf of Carpentaria, Henne ; 
Escape Cliffs, Hulse; Port Darwin, Schultz, n. 9, 225. 
Queensland. —Northumberland Islands, R. Brown; Cape Bedford and islands off Cape Flattery, 
F. Mueller', Entrance Island, Endeavour Straits, Leichhardt', Percy Islands, Walter', Rockingham and 
Edgecombe Bays, Dallaehy ; Port Denison, Fitzalan. 
Bentham adds:— 
This species is widely spread over East India and the Archipelago. With C. distyla it has long 
been cultivated in gardens, where varieties have arisen which have been described as new Australian 
species. Amongst them C. excelsa, Dehnh., Miq. Rev. Cas. 23, t. 1, F., is referred by Miquel in DC. 
Prod, xvi, ii, 344, positively to C. equisetifolia; and C. truncata, Willd., C. sparsa, Tausch., and C. tortuosa , 
Hortul., are supposed to be either this species or C. distyla. ( B.Fl. vi, 197.) 
It occurs round the whole of the Queensland and North Australian coast. 
Mr. A. Murphy, who collected it for me north of Bockhampton, says : “ It grows 
in salt water, like C. glauca." Indeed, it has been confused with that species. 
It is only the variety incana, the tomentose form, that is found in New South 
Wales, so far as I am aware. This form is also found in Queensland, and it is often 
difficult to separate the species from the variety. 
This is a coastal form, and occurs in southern Queensland and northern New 
South Wales. 
Bentham gives it, in the Flora Australieusis, from Port Macquarie {A. 
Cunningham, Leichhardt) ; Moreton Island, Queensland (0. Moore). 
He adds, “ This variety appears to be found in New Caledonia, from a 
specimen received from the Paris Herbarium.” This has been confirmed by Jules 
Poisson in his “ Beclierches sur les Casuarina, et en particulier sur ceux de la 
Nouvelle-Caledonie ” ( Nouo. Arch, du Museum, Vol. x, 1870), who says it is frequent 
in New Caledonia, and figures it at PI. iv. 
I now record it for the first time from the Nambucca Heads (J. L. Boorman). 
c: A medium-sized tree of 15-20 feet, the branches exceedingly pendulous. Has a 
griseous colour throughout, not dealbate or cinerascent, but of a sort of mouse-grey 
colour. Grows close to the ocean on an embankment, in moist clayey soil. 
Exceedingly rare.” This is the most southerly locality recorded so far. 
