GOLDEN-CBOWNED WEEN. 
25 
pine barrens, where they are always accompanied by vast numbers of warblers, which follow 
them constantly, moving when they move, and pausing when they choose to remain quiet. The 
Blue Birds are ever sounding their notes, which probably serve as a guide to the weaker-voiced 
species, and keep them from straggling, as has already been explained. This simple whistle 
is all the song the Blue Bird is capable of uttering, yet who would wish it finer? for this 
unpretending note has become so familiar to us, that it is one of the characteristic elements 
of the scenes which we have been accustomed to look upon from childhood; and when heard 
in the wilds of Florida, appears out of place, for it brings vividly to mind much that pertains 
to the New England homestead. 
FAMILY III. SYLVIIDiE. THE WARBLERS. 
Marginal indentations of sternum, proportionately deeper than in the preceding family. Coracoid hones equal in 
length to the top of the keel. 
All the members of this family found within the United States are very small in size. 
GENUS I. REGULUS. THE KINGLETS. 
Gen. Ch. Sternum, exceeding in breadth twice the height of the keel. Marginal indentations, very deep. Nostrils, 
partially covered with projecting feathers. Top of head, in adult specimens, crowned with bright colors. Tarsi booted. 
REGULUS SATRAPA. 
Golden-crowned Kinglet. Golden-crowned Wren. 
“ Begulus satrapa Leichtenstein, Yerzeich, Doubl., 1823, No. 410.” Baird, Birds of North America, 1858, 227. 
DESCRIPTION. 
Sp. Ch. Form, quite stout. Size, small. Bill, slender and much shorter than the head. Marginal indentations of 
sternum, as deep as one-half the length of the top of the keel. Tongue, linear, terminating abruptly, with the end 
fringed with coarse cilia, three hundredths of an inch in length. The form of the tongue of this species closely 
resembles that of Seiurus Noveboracensis. 
Color. Adult male. Above, olivaceous green, brightest on the rump, but becoming ashy on the back and 
shoulders. Top of head, black, enclosing a stripe of bright orange, which is preceded and edged with yellow. 
Forehead, and lines extending over the eyes, ashy-white. Upper surfaces of the tail and wings, brownish, with the 
Outer edges of the feathers greenish. The two rows of greater coverts are tipped with white, forming bars across 
the wings. There is also a dusky band across the secondaries, which extends over two or three of the primaries. 
The tertiaries and secondaries are tipped with whitish. Under parts, dirty white, with an ashy tinge across the 
breast. Under wing coverts and axillaries, purer. The under surfaces of the wings and tail are glaucous, with the 
feathers of the former edged with white. Loral region and space below the eyes, ashy-white. Ear coverts, dusky. 
In autumn there is a greenish wash over the breast and flanks. The upper portion of the body is also more olivaceous. 
Adult female, similar to the male, but having the central stripe composed entirely of yellow. 
Young, with the central stripe paler. The upper surface, breast and flanks are clouded with greenish-brown. 
Young, in the nesting plumage, lack the yellow of the crown. In both sexes, and in all stages of plumage, the 
irides are brown; the bill dark brown, lighter at the base of the lower mandible; the tarsi and feet dark brown, 
with the soles of the latter yellow. 
OBSERVATIONS. 
This little species may at once be distinguished from all other American Kinglets by the bright orange of the 
crown. They breed from Northern New England north to the barren grounds. They winter from Massachusetts to 
Northern Florida. 
DIMENSIONS. 
Average measurements of twenty-four specimens.—Length, 3*78; stretch, 6-18; wing, 2-25; tail, 1-68; bill, -32; 
tarsus, -65. .Longest specimen, 4*55; greatest extent of wings, 7-75; greatest length of wing, 2-56; of tail, 1-86; of 
bill, -50; of tarsus, *67. Length of smallest specimen, 3-15; smallest extent of wings, 5‘QO; smallest length of wing, 
1-10; of tail, 1-05; of bill, *30; of tarsus, -50, 
BIRDS OF FLORIDA. 
