APPENDIX. 
515 
CYANOSPIZA CYAWEA. 
Indigo Bird. 
Cyanospiza cyanea. Bd., Birds N. A.; 1858, 505. 
Sr. Cn. Form, slender. Size, small. Color. Adult male. Greenish-blue throughout, darkest anteriorly. Wings 
and tail, brownish. Female, reddish-brown lightest beneath, and more or less tinged with blue. Jn autumn, and Young, 
similar to last but dark throughout and old males are strongly tinged with blue. 
Observations. Known by the nearly uniform blue or brownish colors. Occurs in summer from Pennsylvania, north 
to Canada, wintering south of our limits. Dimensions. Length, 5 - 75; stretch, 8‘50; wing, 2 - 62; tail, 2* 10; bill, '75; tar¬ 
sus, '65. 
Nests and Eggs. Nests, placed in bushes, composed of grass, leaves, etc. Eggs, four or five in number, oval in form, 
pale bluish-green in color, very rarely dotted with reddish-brown. Dimensions from '50 x '70 to ’60 x '80. 
HABITS. 
The song of the Indigo Bird in Massachusetts, is a lisping warble, ending so abrupt¬ 
ly as to appear half finished, but in Pennsylvania, this lay is so much clearer and longer, 
that I did not, at first, recognize the author. These birds are fond of thorny thickets that 
border old fields grown up to bushes, and the males may be seen perched on the top-most 
limb of some tree, giving the peculiar song. The nests are placed low, often only a few 
inches from the ground, and the eggs are deposited early in June. 
iEGIOTHUS linaria: 
Red Poll. 
AEgiolhus linaria Cab., Mus. Hein.; 1851, 161. 
Sp. Ch. Form, slender. Size, small. Color. Adult male. Above, and on sides of head and sides, yellowish-brown, 
often hoary on rump. White beneath, with crown bright crimson and cheeks, throat, breast, and rump are tinged with it. 
Two bands on wings, yellowish-white. Female and Young, similar but lack the crimson beneath and on rump. 
Observations. Known by the crimson crown. Breeds in the far North; wintering from Canada to Pennsylvania. 
Dimensions. Length, 5 00; stretch, 8‘55; wing, 3'10; tail, 2 - 75; bill, '35; tarsus, '50. 
Nests and Eggs. Nests, placed in trees, composed of grass, moss, etc. Eggs, four or five in number, oval in form, and 
pale greenish in color, spotted near large end with yellowish-brown and dotted and lined with umber. Dimensions from 
•52 x ’67 to *55 x* 70, 
„ HABITS.. 
The little Red Polls come to us from the North in immense numbers, certain winters, 
and are not found at all during others. While with us, they have very much the same 
habits as the Gold and Pine Finch.es, and frequently associate with them. The call note 
is, however, somewhat harsher than that of the latter named species, and the song which is 
occasionally given in spring, is a continuous warble. 
PINICOIiA ENUCLEATOR. 
Pine Grosbeak. 
Pinicola enucleator Cab. Mus. Hein.; 1851, 167. 
Sp. Ch. Form, robust. Size, large. Color. Adult male. General color, crimson-red with the feathers showing 
darker centers; lores, sides ofhead and body, and under tail coverts, ashy; and there are two white bands on wings. Female 
and Young. Ashy, tinged with greenish-yellow on top of head, rump, and breast. 
Observations. Known by the large size and short, thick bill. Breeds in the far North; winters from Canada to Penn¬ 
sylvania. Dimensions. Length, 8*50; stretch, 1P85; wing, 4'50; tail, POO; bill, ’57; tarsus, ‘85. 
Nests and Eggs. Nests, placed in trees, composed twigs, grass, etc. Eggs, three or four in number, oval in form, 
pale bluish-green in color, spotted, dotted and lined with brown and umber. Dimensions from - 70x '95 to - 75x l'OO. 
HABITS. 
The Pine Grosbeaks are quite regular in their visits to us, the extent of their migra¬ 
tions being governed wholly by the food supply. They are highly gregarious in habit, one 
seldom being seen alone, and are very tame; insomuch so, that I have frequently caught 
them with a noose attached to a pole. When kept in confinement, they become very fa¬ 
miliar, making interesting pets. They feed on seeds of weeds and of pine and other cones, 
as well as upon the berries of the cedar, savin, and mountain ash, and will even eat froz¬ 
en apples. 
