37 
most necessaiy or useful colours in the simple order of Yellow, Red, 
and Blue, with some hint of their general properties. 
White is only considered as a heightener ; white lead or carbonate 
of lead serves in oil generally, and the oil partly preserves it; it 
soon changes with water. Barytes white is now adapted to use 
with water colours, and is very good ; whitening is used for ordinary 
purposes. 
Whites are naturally opaque, and I think conveniently so to give 
solidity when occasion requires it: thus, scarce any thing is wanting 
to a good artist : it is as it were a neutral, as well as black or dark, 
upon which true colours depend. 
PRIMARIES. 
Yellows. 1, Gamboge is most perfect yellow, used in water colours. 
2 Lake 
3 King's, semimetallic, opaque^ 
4 Naples 
5 Patent 
6 Ochre, earthy with oxide of iron, British Mineralogy, 
tab. 253. 
Reds, 1 Carmine, most perfect when good 
2 Lake 
3 Burnt ochre, called red ochre, not perfect red 
4 Venetian red, commonly so called, rather a deep 
rusty colour. 
Blues. 1 Prussian or Berlin blue, most perfect 
2 Antwerp blue, greenish blue 
3 Indigo, dull, strong 
4 Smalt, cobalt, purplish.1 
BINARIES. 
Yellow and red. Orange orpiment 
Chromate of lead 
Oxide of lead 
Vermilion, scarlet. 
