Tree (Ginkgo biloba , Z.). 141 
may be compared with Ginkgo Whitbiensis from England and 
with G. pulchella from Siberia ; they are chiefly of interest as 
extending the Arctic range of the genus. 
From rocks which may be of Inferior Oolite age at Cape 
Stewart on the east coast of Greenland, Hartz 1 has recorded 
Ginkgo Hermelii; from Bornholm 2 we have G. digitata 
and Baiera pulchella. From China and Japan leaves of both 
Ginkgo and Baier a are recorded by Schenk 3 and Yokoyama 4 
respectively. 
Feistmantel has determined an imperfect Indian specimen 
on very slender evidence as Ginkgo sp. 6 The plant-beds of 
India have not furnished any specimens which afford satis¬ 
factory evidence of either Baiera or Ginkgo in the Permo- 
Carboniferous or Mesozoic floras of that region. 
Cretaceous and Tertiary . Cretaceous rocks of North 
America, Greenland, and other regions have afforded several 
examples of Ginkgo leaves, such as Ginkgo polymorpha , G. 
Laramiensis 6 [very similar to G. adiantoides of Tertiary age ; 
Fig. 29, PL IX], G. pusilla, Daws., from Vancouver Island 7 ; 
G. primordialis , G. multinervis from Greenland 8 . 
The Tertiary species of Ginkgo named by Unger G. adiant¬ 
oides 9 presents a striking agreement with the existing type, 
and indeed is hardly distinguishable from it; this species has 
been recorded from Italy, Siberia, Scotland (Mull), and North 
America. Some unusually good specimens have been de¬ 
scribed by Starkie Gardner 10 from the leaf-beds of the Island 
of Mull; one of the Mull leaves from the British Museum 
Collection is shown in Fig. 29, PL IX ; the veins are very 
clearly marked, and in some examples traces of secretory canals 
may be recognized in the lamina as in Ginkgo biloba. Gardner 
is of opinion that ‘ there can be no reasonable doubt as to the 
specific identity of the Ardtun (Mull) fossil and the living 
Ginkgo biloba 5 ; he suggests the designation G. biloba hebraidica. 
1 Hartz (’96), PL XIX. 
3 Schenk (’83). 
5 Feistmantel (79), PL XV. 
7 Dawson (’93), PL VI. 
9 Unger (’45), p. 211 . 
3 Bartholin (’94), PL IV. 
4 Yokoyama (’89). 
6 Ward (’86), PL XXXI. 
8 Heer (’68- 83). 
10 Gardner (’83), PL XXV. 
