Saccharomyces anomalus (Hansen). 235 
eighteen to twenty hours. At 71-6° C. thirteen to fourteen 
days were required before signs of spore-formation appeared, 
and at 2J-3 0 C. no spores were produced. 
In Hansen’s work (8) on the duration of life of various 
Yeasts under different conditions, it is stated that 5 . anomalus 
was able to live for more than eighty days, when spread in 
thin layers on a platinum wire needle. Most Yeasts died in 
five to twenty days. 
Wehmer ( 9 ), in his studies on the capability of various 
Fungi to liquefy gelatine, found that vS. anomalus did not 
liquefy 10 per cent, beer-wort gelatine. At the same time he 
draws attention to the fact that the form described by Fischer 
and Brebeck( 5 )under the nam zEndoblastodermapulverulentum 
peptonized the gelatine. 
Von Schukow ( 10 ) found that 6*. anomalus produced very 
little fermentation in unhopped beer-wort at 20-22° Reaumur; 
the fermentation was only about a quarter as vigorous as with 
many beer and wild Yeasts. He suggested that this was due 
to the fact that only the dextrose contained in the wort was 
capable of being fermented by the species. 
5 . anomalus has been met with in sake fermentations. Its 
presence has been noted by Klocker and Schionning ( 11 ) and 
by Shieweck ( 12 ). The latter observer thinks that in con¬ 
junction with other Yeasts it plays an important part in the 
fermentation. This is very probable, since a strong odour 
of pine-apples is developed during the course of fermentation 
in the sake. This odour may be due to the formation of 
ethyl butyrate, and it has been shown above that the variety 
which I have investigated produces butyric acid. Yabe ( 13 ) 
has found a My coderma yeast growing on sake rice. Two 
other papers on 5 . anomalus. one by Steuber ( 14 ) and the 
other by Kujawski ( 15 ), have been recently published, but 
I have not had the opportunity of seeing them. 
From a comparison of the various statements quoted above, 
of the different observers who have investigated the characters 
of 5 . anomalus —and we may accept Fischer and Brebeck’s 
Endoblastoderma pulverulentum as a form of this species—it 
