236 Barker.—A Fragrant ‘ My coder ma ’ Yeast , 
appears that the distinguishing features of the species are the 
Mycoderma -like habit and the hat-shaped spores. Apart from 
these there seems to be considerable variability in the 
characters which have been noted. For instance, Fischer 
and Brebeck found that their organism ferments beer-wort, 
dextrose, saccharose, and maltose actively, while the fermenta¬ 
tion of laevulose is less vigorous. Von Schukow found that 
his organism was able to produce only a comparatively slight 
fermentation in beer-wort, and accounts for it by supposing 
that only the dextrose is fermented. Certainly if the Yeast 
had been able to ferment maltose, a much more vigorous 
fermentation of beer-wort would have been expected. 
The variety that I have examined ferments dextrose, lae¬ 
vulose, and saccharose actively, beer-wort less actively, and 
maltose in a very slight degree, if at all. 
Different results, also, were obtained in connexion with the 
question of the liquefaction of gelatine. Fischer and Brebeck’s 
organism liquefied gelatine completely; Wehmer’s produced 
no liquefaction; while that described by me showed the 
variable behaviour that has been fully dealt with above. 
Fischer and Brebeck found that exposure to a temperature 
of 8o° C. for ten minutes did not suffice to kill the cells of 
their Yeast. Exposure to a temperature of 55 0 C. for five 
minutes was sufficient to kill the vegetative cells of my Yeast. 
With regard to the number of spores formed by a single 
cell, Fischer and Brebeck found that three was the usual 
number. In the cases examined by me, although while the 
spores still remained within the mother-cell wall the number 
appeared to be three, yet probably four were present in most 
cases, the fourth being obscured by the positions of the other 
three: for when the spores had escaped from the mother-cell 
they were found chiefly in fours, grouped in tetrad arrange¬ 
ment, the fourth spore only coming into view as the group 
revolved in the liquid in which they were mounted. 
The lack of detailed descriptions of the Fungi with hat¬ 
shaped spores 1 that have been found at various times renders 
1 Ascoidea rubescens (Bref.) also has similar spores. See Brefeld ( 18 ). 
