675 
and the Flagellata. 
monadina. Not much was known about it, and as a simple 
mouthless green form Klebs had suggested that it might be 
a link between the colourless Flagellata and the Chlamydo- 
monads. None of the Chlamydomonads, however, have these 
cytological characters, so that this type seems to complicate 
the matter rather than simplify them. 
In 1897 Lagerheim discovered a similar but new genus, 
Chloramoeba (Fig. 14), the life-history of which was adequately 
investigated by his pupil Bohlin (’ 97 ). This has a roundish 
body, no wall or plasmatic membrane, a contractile vacuole 
at the fore end, a central nucleus, 2-6 discoid chloroplasts 
of a yellow-green colour, and two cilia, one twice as long as 
the body and the other quite short and often curled back 
against the body so as to be invisible. 
The body exhibits marked amoeboid movement. The 
chloroplasts give a blue colour when treated with strong 
hydrochloric acid, as do those of the Confervales group, and 
the assimilation product, as in that group, is an oil, insoluble 
in alcohol. 
Resting cells may arise by the encystment of solitary motile 
cells, but no Palmella-stage. This organism then is a typical 
Flagellate, while Vacuolaria , which divides in a palmelloid 
mucilaginous resting condition, exhibits somewhat more 
vegetal characters (Fig. 14). 
Further, while Vacuolaria is always green, Chloramoeba can 
adapt itself to a saprophytic nutrition in the dark, like Euglena , 
and become quite colourless. On transferring the organism 
to the light, in water free from organic material the yellow- 
green colour is regained, as has been already mentioned. 
The group of Chloromonadina is then well established with 
the primitive form Chloramoeba and the more vegetal form 
Vacuolaria , and the points of similarity in cell structure with 
the Confervales are striking and suggestive of some affinity, 
if primary importance is to be attached to cytological 
characters. 
Within a year a paper of great interest was published by 
Luther (’ 98 ), in which he described a new organism, Chloro - 
