Campbell.—Studies on some East Indian Hepaticae. 325 
other Marchantiaceae examined by the writer, but there was no indication 
of any marked difference in their structure from what has been observed 
in other Hepaticae. 
The antheridium as usual is contained in a chamber opening by a narrow 
pore, and presumably the dehiscence of the antheridium and the discharge 
of the spermatozoids are effected as in other Marchantiaceae. 1 
The Carpocephalum. 
The female receptacle, or carpocephalum, is easily shown to be of the 
composite type, its pedicel being a prolongation of the axis of the shoot 
upon which it is borne. Sections through the young receptacle show clearly 
its compound structure, there being several (6-7) apices, each giving rise to 
a group of archegonia. The receptacle from the first is convex, and the 
excessive dorsal growth pushes the growing points below the margin of the 
receptacle so that the archegonia, which really are dorsal structures, seem to 
arise from the ventral surface of the receptacle. In short, the growth of the 
carpocephalum resembles exactly that of the other Marchantiaceae (Text- 
fig. 5, A, b). The compound nature of the receptacle is sometimes very 
evident superficially, as its margin may be deeply lobed, each lobe corre¬ 
sponding to a growing point with its group of archegonia. This was 
especially noticeable in specimens of D. trichocephala from the Taiping Hills 
in the Malay Peninsula (Text-fig. 2, A). The plants were smaller than 
those collected in Java and the pedicel of the ripe carpocephalum shorter. 
In D. velutina (Text-fig. 3) the pedicel is also.decidedly shorter than it is in 
D. trichocephala. 
The development of the archegonium is much like that of the other 
Marchantiaceae. The first division in the mother-cell (Text-fig. 5, C) 
divides it into a basal tapering stalk-cell and an upper hemispherical cell, 
which presently undergoes the usual division by three intersecting vertical 
walls into an axial cell and three peripheral ones. From the former is cut 
off the primary cap-cell, and the inner cell ultimately produces the egg and 
the axial row of canal-cells. From the outer cells develop the wall of the 
venter and the six rows of neck-cells. Sooner or later the cap-cell divides 
by two intersecting walls, but there are several secondary divisions in the 
cap-cells, so that more than four cover-cells finally are formed. This is very 
much like the condition observed in certain species of Riccia 2 as well as in 
a number of other Hepaticae. The cells of the venter-wall show no 
1 See Peirce, G. J.: Forcible Discharge of Antherozoids in Asterella Californica. Bull. Torr. 
Bot. Club, vol. xxix, 1902, pp. 374-82. 
Cavers, F. : Explosive Discharge of Antherozoids in Fegatella conica. Ann. of Bot., vol. xvii, 
1903, p. 270. 
2 Campbell: loc. cit., p. 30. 
