Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 
15 
tropical Mountain Forest Zone and the Temperate Zone, as well 
as the peculiar semi-paramo conditions of the summit of San 
Lorenzo. 
In the arid coast belt we worked at Bolivar, near Santa Marta, 
where we were the guests of Mr. Orlando L. Flye, the genial and 
hospitable Manager or “Gerente” of the Santa Marta Coffee Com¬ 
pany. Here, at Hacienda Cincinnati and on San Lorenzo, we were 
assisted in every way possible by Mr. and Mrs. Flye, and other 
members of their family, as well as by Mr. Robert Sargent, the 
Superintendent of the Coffee Company at Hacienda Cincinnati. 
Their cordial and generous assistance remains one of the pleasantest 
memories of our Colombian work. 
The vicinity of Bolivar differed from where we had worked at 
Puerto Colombia, as there was some land under irrigation, which 
brought in a greater diversification of insect life, although the de¬ 
layed rains, a most important matter in the arid coast lands, had 
greatly retarded plant and insect development. 
As a locality representative of the forest of the mountain slopes 
we studied the vicinity of Hacienda Cincinnati, a coffee plantation 
of the Santa Marta Coffee Company, situated on the western slope 
of the San Lorenzo range at an elevation of 4500 feet, and with 
large areas of uncut forest in the vicinity. On the way up the 
mule trail we passed from the coast region into one with stream 
course forest, and then into country originally, and yet in large 
part, solid forest. Here some weeks were spent and excursions 
made up to 6000 feet elevation, down to Minca at 2500 feet, and 
nearby forest tracts were regularly examined. 
This mountain forest was very lofty, the low growth dense and 
tangled, the trees forming overhead a canopy which cut out much 
of the sunlight. Trees of the genus Cecropia, striking tropical 
American types, there called “guarumo” by the natives, were very 
important collecting places. Their large dead leaves, which hang 
or lodge suspended a long time, shed water admirably, and serve 
in the day time as sleeping or hiding places for cockroaches, crickets 
and katy-dids, occasionally sheltering a snake. A leptognathoid 
snake, known locally asa“mapana, ” came vigorously to life out 
of a net full of guarumo leaves which was being examined. 
In the mountain forest epiphytes or tree living plants were num¬ 
erous, lianes and creeping plants abundant. Daily the cloud fog 
banks would sift into the forest about noon, and generally one or 
