MEMBRA CIDJE. 
261 
Figs. 10 and 10a belong to another genus which has yet to be substantiated, in which 
there is a singular club-like process proceeding from the head or just above it. 
Plate LX. figs. 11 and 11a, also shows a similar development, with the dorsum 
furnished with two rows of serrated points. 
Some excellent remarks accompanied with good outline figures are given on the 
‘buffalo tree-hopper” ( Ceresa bubalus ) by Mr. C. L. Marlatt (“Insect Life,” 
vol. vii. p. 8). The paper contains almost the only printed record of the life- 
history and the oviposition witnessed on Populus monilifer. 
This insect disintegrates the bark by scoring and riddling it, so as to produce 
much damage to the trees and orchards. The three years’ growth of the twigs 
of apples, maple, willow, and cottonwood, which have a southern aspect, seems to 
be preferred for oviposition. 
The eggs are laid in small compound groups, disposed in two parallel rows of slits. 
Marlatt says that when once the operation is begun the female seems to be 
fearless of interruption. She begins with her saw protruded at right angles to her 
body, but when the slit is complete the saw lies flat along the abdomen. 
At least two minute parasites attack the eggs of Ceresa bubalus. One undescribed 
small Hymenopterous species destroys numerous patches of this pest in Missouri. 
The ova of Ceresa bubalus are about tV inch long, curved, tapering, and without 
sculpturing on the surfaces. 
After the completion of the slit the female thrusts her eggs down to the 
juicy cambium. Each row may contain from six to twelve eggs. Perhaps twenty 
minutes may be required to complete a row, and then another is commenced 
alongside. 
The spaces between the rows subsequently wither, and this, it is supposed, 
prevents the lips of the incision from growing over and crushing the eggs. 
Adults appear in July and become more numerous in August, when the egg- 
laying begins, a female producing from one to two hundred eggs. 
The ova are not killed by the cold of winter, but they hatch out in the following 
warm days of May or June. 
A small hymenopterous fly, perhaps Trichogramma ceresarum of W. H. Ashmead, 
is parasitic on Ceresa bubalus, the larva of which is described as having long spines on 
its back similar to those of some of the genus Hoplopbora. 
Another example of the larva of Otinolus exigua (rather than of the pupa, which 
always has wing-cases partially developed), is figured on Plate LII. fig. 5a. 
Oxgrharhis lignicola has a similar economy in channelling wood for the purpose 
of oviposition. The complete eggs and the empty shells are represented in situ, 
Plate XL1X. fig. 6c. 
