ENDIVE. - CAMOMILE. 199 
tuces have attained a sufficient size, their leaves are 
tied together with strings of matting, to blanch them 
for use. From seeds that are sown towards the end of 
summer, lettuces may, with care, be obtained in perfec- 
tion during the ensuing winter and spring. 
Lettuces have an odour somewhat resembling that 
of opium; and they also possess somewhat similar nar- 
cotic properties, which reside in the milky juice. The 
properties of this vegetable as a salad, if eaten without 
oil, are considered to be emollient, cooling, and whole- 
some. 
^ 214. ENDIVE (Cichorium endivia) is a common vegetable 
in kitchen gardens, having curled or crisped leaves. 
We are supposed to have been originally indebted to 
the East Indies for this useful winter salad It is 
chiefly cultivated in the south of England ; being sown 
generally about June or July, and afterwards planted 
out, like lettuce. 
The chief excellence of endive consists in the white- 
ness of its inner leaves. It is, therefore, adviseable, 
either to cover the plants with flower- pots, or, when 
lull grown, to tie them loosely together, for two or 
thiee weeks. By so doing, they will become perfectly 
blanched; and, in winter, they may be preserved, 
either by covering them with straw and mats, or bv 
putting them in sand in a dry cellar. 
The French consume a great quantity of endive at 
icir tables. Tney either eat it raw in salads, boiled in 
ragouts, fried with roast meat, or as a pickle. It is a 
wholesome vegetable which seldom disagrees with the 
stomach. 
SUPERFLUA. 
"obili.) is a 
ozcers of which are frequently used 
J?l ? ri " d P aI - use to which camomile flowers are 
apphed is to excue vomiting, and promote the ope- 
