JERUSALEM ARTICHOKE. SUNFLOWER. 201 
A distilled water is sometimes prepared from the 
leaves of tarragon. 
FRUSTRANEA. 
217. The JERUSALEM ARTICHOKE is a somewhat 
potatoe-shaped root, produced by a species of sunflower 
(Helianthus tuberosus) which grows .wild in several parts of 
South America. 
This plant bears single stalks, which are frequently eight or 
nine feet high, and yellow flowers, much smaller than those of the 
common sunflozver. 
So extremely productive are these valuable roots, 
that betwixt seventy and eighty tons' weight of them 
are said to have been obtained, in one season, from a 
single acre of ground. They succeed in almost any 
soil; and, wbsn once planted, will continue tq flourish 
in the same place, without requiring either much 
manure, or much attention to the culture. The season 
in which they are dug up for use is from about the 
middle of September till November ; when they are in 
greatest perfection. After that they may be preserved 
in sand, or under cover, for the winter. 
The roots are generally eaten plain boiled ; but they 
are sometimes served to table with white fricassee- 
sauce, .and in .other ways. Their flavour is so nearly 
like that of the common artichoke, that it is difficult to 
distinguish them from each other. We are informed 
that Jerusalem artichokes are a valuable food for hogs 
and store pigs; and that if washed, cat, and ground in 
a mill, similar to an apple-mill, they may also be given 
to horses. 
218. .The COMMON or ANNUAL SUNFLOWER 
(Helianthus annuus) is a Peruvian plant, with large yellow 
flowers, that is well known in our gardens. 
The uses to which this plant may be applied are 
such as to render it well deserving of attention in rural 
economy. Its stalks contain a white, shining, fibrous 
substance, which might be advantageously employed in 
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