36 
in demanding of species-designations that they should 
express the differences existing among the several spe- 
cies, it was no longer possible for him to insist on unity 
in a species-name which was to fulfil those conditions, 
and still less possible as time went on and more and 
more forms became known and had to be scientifically 
treated. Consequently it was reserved for LINNAEUS, 20 
years later, to publish to the world the System of Bi- 
nomenclature, and so to arrive at the final solution of 
the problem of how successfully to name natural history 
objects. The foundation laid by ARTEDI should not, how- 
ever, on that account be forgotten or discredited. 
In several places in ARTEDI'S "Philosophia" there 
are to be found references to the "Fundamenta Botan- 
ica" by LINN.EUS. These references must of course be 
due to the editor's hand, for ARTEDI had died before 
LJNN^US' work appeared. Moreover, quite apart from 
these references, there are some very marked points of 
contact in the two works, for instance with regard to 
the nomenclature rules laid down by each for his special 
science. As LINN.EUS edited both works, one might be 
tempted to draw a conclusion to the effect that it was 
he who inserted in ARTEDI'S work the rules in question, 
so as to bring it into harmony with his own. The er- 
roneousness of any such conclusion can, however, be 
clearly and incontestably demonstrated by definite state- 
ments of both the authors concerned; those statements 
fully deserve to be quoted here, since it is of the ut- 
most interest to establish, if possible, to whom the honour 
accrues of having done Science the inestimable service 
of effecting the systematisation of its nomenclature. 
When LINNAEUS went to Amsterdam, shortly before AR- 
TEDI'S death, to see and consult with his friend, the 
latter, as we saw above, read aloud to him the whole 
of his "Philosophia Ichthyologise". From that fact, nar- 
rated by LINNAEUS, we may undoubtedly conclude that 
the manuscript was then complete. LINNAEUS also tells 
us that among ARTEDI'S effects he found the manuscript 
of the "Philosophia" entire; that would seem to settle 
