ILLUSTRATIONS 
Note.— Illustrations marked by asterisk are from Farmers’ Bulletins 
Nos. 442 and 447 of the U. S. Department of Agriculture. Other illustra¬ 
tions are credited by authors individually. 
Apiary of the Bureau of Entomology, Drummond, Md. . Frontispiece 
I'ACE 
1. A primitive box-hive . i 
2. A bee and apple blossoms . 5 
3. Mud hives in Palestine. (From photograph by Metcalf) . . 5 
4. Group of Caucasian hives .6 
6. An old Greek hive. (From Wheler, 1682) .... 6 
6. Gravenhorst hive, a combination of skep and frame-hive . . 7 
7. German hive, opening at the rear .... .7 
8. Bee-house in Carniola, Austria .8 
9. Carniolan hive . .9 
10. Bee-house mentioned in “ The Hoosier School Boy ” . . 9 
11. W. B. C. hive of England . 10 
12. C. D. B. hive of Ireland . 11 
13. Frame of C. D. B. hive . 11 
14. A woman beekeeper . 15 
15. Roof apiary in lower New York City. (Drawn from photograph 
by Root) . 18 
16. Apiary on shed roof, to economize space . 19 
17. Tropical apiary, San Sabastian, Porto Rico .... 19 
18. Honey-house door ......... 24 
19. Porter bee escape * .24 
20. Ten-frame Langstroth hive with queen excluder, comb-honey 
super and telescope cover*.26 
21 . Diagram showing spacing of frame and rabbet in Langstroth hive 27 
22. Spacing of Iloffman frames .28 
23. Spur wire-imbedder * .29 
24. Smoker * ..29 
25. German beekeeper’s pipe . 30 
26. Cotton netting veil with silk tulle front * .31 
27. Hive tools*. 31 
28. German bee brush * . 31 
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