Regional Differences within the United States 219 
portation, there is another factor to be considered. The 
size of an apiary should be determined chiefly by the number 
of colonies that the beekeeper can manipulate in a single day 
during the honey-flow. If he finds that he can usually care 
for seventy-five colonies in a day under his system of manage¬ 
ment, then that number is ideal for his apiaries. He can 
then arrange his out-apiaries so that each will receive a 
visit as frequently as the conditions demand. The amount 
of work that can be done in a day will increase with experi¬ 
ence and the out-apiaries correspondingly may be increased 
in size, for they should be large enough to furnish a full 
day’s work, unless there is some means of rapid transporta¬ 
tion available. With modern transportation facilities the 
distance to out-yards is of less importance than formerly 
and many beekeepers now have motor trucks to carry an 
extracting outfit and other apparatus and supplies from one 
apiary to another. Considering the day’s work as the deter¬ 
mining factor in the size of the apiary, the out-apiaries may 
be more numerous and closer together than would be the case 
if each yard were increased to the maximum. In the present 
undeveloped condition of the beekeeping industry and with 
so many localities almost untouched by bees, it is not wise 
to run any risk of overstocking. The location of out- 
apiaries should be determined by the available forage, the 
minimum distance between them usually being determined 
by the distance that bees can fly. 
DADANT OUT-APIARIES 
To illustrate the problem which confronts the beekeeper 
in the establishment of out-apiaries there is here reproduced 
a map (Fig. 97), made from one by C. P. Dadant, Hamilton, 
Illinois, of the apiaries near his home in 1891. He then 
owned the Home, Sherwood, Villemain and Sack apiaries, 
the other four shown being apiaries of other beekeepers. 
All of these are located on land sloping toward the Mississippi 
River. The Sherwood apiary was the best, giving crops in 
