Swarm Control and Increase 
283 
no swarm will issue, under conditions of a prolonged honey- 
flow. However, requeening combined with queenlessness 
for about ten days, after swarming preparations have begun, 
is a much more reliable procedure. The method used in 
rearing queens, in mating them and in introducing them to 
the queenless colonies will depend on the equipment and 
system of the individual beekeeper. 
Removal of brood. 
The removal of a frame or two of brood was mentioned 
earlier as a swarm-preventive measure in relieving the con¬ 
gestion in the brood-chamber, especially in comb-honey 
production. It obviously also has the effect of reducing the 
number of emerging bees for a period. If a colony persists 
in its preparations to swarm, a common remedial measure is 
to carry the removal of brood to the extreme (artificial 
swarming). In brief, the beekeeper does for the colony in 
advance of swarming just what the bees would do for them¬ 
selves if left to their own instincts. The brood-combs are 
removed from the hive and the bees are shaken or brushed 
from the combs into a new hive-body. The brood-combs 
are then comparable to the parent colony, while the bees in 
the new hive make up the artificial swarm. The treatment 
of the various parts does not differ from the same procedure 
under conditions of natural swarming and need not be re¬ 
peated. Since artificial swarms desert the hive sooner than 
natural swarms, desertion may be prevented by removing 
only a part of the brood at one time and, in fact, some ma¬ 
nipulations do not call for the removal of all the brood. 
This manipulation has been modified in a dozen ways by 
various beekeepers, but the essential principle remains the 
same. The differences in the directions for the making of 
artificial swarms are chiefly in the disposal of the two por¬ 
tions of the original colony. It is claimed by some that, to 
obtain satisfactory results, the bees must be smoked or other¬ 
wise manipulated until they fill themselves with honey, just 
as bees do in natural swarming. This usually occurs during 
