713 
No. 145.] 
until autumn, when winged individuals are developed, which 
leave their retreat, and coming abroad into the open air, copu¬ 
late, and search out new situations in which to plant their species. 
Others, as I infer from the lateness of the season when I found 
young lice upon the excrescences, remain in their abode through 
the winter, to continue their operations upon the same roots 
the following year. 
The young larva, as appears from the hasty notes and sketch which I was able to 
take whilst they were still alive, were scarcely four hundredths of an inch in length, 
of an oval form and a pale dull yellow color. Their legs were 
shortish, robust, and nearly equal in length. The antennas ap¬ 
peared much like a fourth pair of legs, being robust, and about 
the same length as the legs; they seemed to be five-jointed, the 
joints successively diminishing in diameter, the one next to the 
last being longest. From the tip of the abdomen of each of 
these young lice protruded a white filament, or short thread of 
flocculent cotton-like matter, variously curled and crinkled in 
different individuals. The whiteness of this filament rendered 
it perceptible to the naked eye, and served to show the situation of the insect as it 
moved about upon the surface of the excrescence, when otherwise it would have been 
wholly invisible. 
The mature winged individuals are nearly or quite a quarter of an inch in length 
to the tips of the closed wings, and these, when spread, measure thirty-eight hund- 
dreths of an inch across. The body, legs and antennae are coal black; the antenna; 
are about half the length of the body, and the head and abdomen on its back 
are covered with a ddnse mass of snow white or bluish white flocculent down. The 
upper wings are transparent and slightly smoky, as though fine dust had settled upon 
them. This cloudiness is rather more dense at their tips. The veins are black, 
faintly margined with dusky brown. The rib vein is robust, and from its base to the 
stigma very slightly approaches the margin, it then gradually diverges from it to the 
base of the fourth vein, where it is more distant from the margin than in any other 
part of its course; it thence curves slightly towards the margin, and joins it at a very 
acute angle, the margin being commonly slightly contracted, or obtusely notched, at 
the point of junction. The first vein curves slightly towards the tip on its basal part, 
and then runs straight, or near its apex curves almost imperceptibly towards the 
inner margin. The second vein is rather more robust than the first, is thickest in 
its middle, at its base curved towards the tip, middle portion straight, apical third 
curving towards the inner margin; its base is nearer to the base of the first vein than 
to the outer margin, and it is about seven times as far from the first vein at the apex 
as it is at the base. The third vein is rather more slender than the first, nearly 
straight, sub-parallel with the second vein two-thirds of its length, its basal third 
abortive and imperceptible except in a particular reflection of the light, base about 
the sarao distance from the base of the second vein that this is from the first, apex 
nearer the apex of the second vein than this Is to the first. The fourth vein is more 
