859 
No. 145. J 
protrude three short thread-like processes, of which the outer ones arc slightly 
longer. The feet arc long slender and tinged more or less with brownish towards 
their tips. The single spur at the tip of each of the shanks is of a pale yellow color. 
The wings are transparent and glassy but not clear, the surface being minutely gran¬ 
ular as usual in this genus and strongly iridescent. Their veins are honey-yellow 
and have a waxy appearance; those which traverse the posterior portion of the wings 
are hyaline and colorless, and become abortive at their tips in the margin- 
The females differ from the males in being of a much larger size, measuring 
almost half an inch to the tips of the wings, which, when spread, arc three-fourths of 
an inch across. The head approaches to a square form, and is broader than the 
thorax; the upper jaws are more robust, and of a dark reddish brown color; both the 
head and thorax are minutely punctured and pubescent; the abdomen is propor¬ 
tionally larger and less narrowed towards each extremity, is but six jointed,'and has 
no projecting processes at its tip, the scale on the peduncle at its base is very slightly 
and sometimes not at all notched, and the two transverse rows of short bristles bn 
each segment are much more distinct; the feet and sometimes the shanks are of a 
dark reddish brown color; and in the wings the vein which bounds the inner side of 
the cubital cell arises outside of the middle of the transverse medial vein, instead of 
in the middle, which is the point where it.originates iu the males. Some females are 
met with which have gnawed off their wings and cast them away, this being a com- • 
mon habit among ants of this sex. These wingless females may be distinguished 
from the largest sized workers by being of a still larger size, and the cicatrices 
of the cast off wings are very obvious on the sides of the thorax. 
The neuters or workers are always destitute of wings, and are generally smaller 
than the males, varying in length from o.20 to 0.83. In all other respects they 
resemble/the females, except that they have no ocelli and a very narrow thorax 
plainly divided into three segments by impressed sutures. The scale of the abdo¬ 
minal pedicel is almost circular, being a little higher than it is wide, and is regularly 
rounded above, without being cut off as iu the female, or notched as in the male; it 
is convex on both sides, but with a slight concavity in the middle of its posterior face. 
The following varieties may be found among these ants: 
a. Female. Scale of the abdominal pedicel not at all notched. 
b. Female. Middle transverse sutures of the abdomen strongly cons'ricted. 
c. Female. Middle suture of the abdomen pale, forming a transverse bund. 
d. Neuter. Basal suture of the abdomen pale yellowish brown. 
e. Neuter. Two basal sutures of the abdomen pale yellowish brown. 
/. Neuter. Antenn® and legs dark reddish brown, instead of black. These are 
probably young individuals, recently hatched. 
Upon the twigs and leaf-stalks, hollow green bullet-like galls of a leathery texture, their 
inner surface covered with minute white and yellow lice; the gall afterwards turning 
black, opening and beooming oup-skaped. 
The Hickory-gall Arms. Pemphigus Canjacaulis. 
A disease of the young limbs of the hickory, which will remind 
one of the well known black knots upon the cherry, is of such 
