470 
ANNUAL REPORT OF NEW-YORK 
an inch in length, two black points surrounded by a pale yellow ring are 
visible above upon each segment, and others upon the sides. From each of 
these a white hair arises. These dots disappear as the worm beoomes larger 
The immature or tawny yellow larvso have black heads and feet, and a spot 
on each of the prolegs, another on the tip and the two conical processes on the 
apex aro also black. They have four slender pale or sulphur yellow stripes 
along each side of the body, and between the two lower of these stripes the 
breathing pores form a row of black dots, one upon each segment. 
The mature or black worm grows to two inches or more in length, and has 
the same pale yellow markings as the immature worm. The head is black and 
without any spots. The second segment or neck is of a wax yellow color, and 
the lower one of the four sulphur yellow stripes on each side of the body is 
prolonged forward across this segment, with a black stripe contiguous to it on 
its lower side, and on its upper side a wider black stripe reaches half way 
across this segment. Above this the next sulphur yellow stripe is prolonged 
upon the base of this segment and has a short black line upon its upper side. 
Beneath, this worm has a sulphur yellow stripe along the middle and another 
upon each side. 1 These lateral stripes are interrupted by a wax yellow spoton 
the middle of each segment, which spots are larger upon each of the feet-bear- 
ing segments and are prolonged inwards, forming transverse bands across the 
middle of these segments. The six anterior logs are black, the eight prolegs 
are wax yellow with a black spot upon their outer sides. In place of the pair 
of prolngs usually occurring at the end of the body this worm has two conical 
processes, which are abruptly cut off at their tips, and project horizontally 
backwards. They do not aid the worm in walking, being always elevated from 
the surface over which it is moving. 
These worms are from six to eight weeks or more in growing 
up to their full size. More than half of them are usually de¬ 
stroyed, mostly, no doubt, by birds, so that of a brood of eighty 
or a hundred worms which come from the eggs only from twenty 
to forty are commonly remaining when they approach maturity. 
It has been reported that the worms of each brood all reach ma¬ 
turity at the same time and evacuate the tree in a single night. 
But in many broods dwarfish individuals occur, which are 
scarcely half the size of their fellows, and I have noticed worms 
which were still engaged in feeding a week or longer after the 
first ones of their brood had buried themselves. 
The pupa state of this insect, which lasts from September to 
the following June does not appear to have been fully observed, and 
I regret that I am not able at present to fully complete this impor¬ 
tant link in its history. If Dr. Harris’s observations have been 
exact, there is some diversity in the habits of these moths at this 
time. He says they enter the ground to the depth of three or 
four inches and within twenty-four hours cast their caterpillar 
