322 
ANNUAL REPORT OF NEW-YORK 
APPLE. TRUNK. 
irregular roundish or long and narrowish flat shallow burrows, 
immediately under the bark, at the crown of the root, where tho 
worm lies through the first winter; then boring upwards in the 
solid wood about three inches, and reposing here through the 
second winter, the perfect insect coming out of the tree the fol¬ 
lowing June. 
A cylindrical butternut-brown beetle, hoary white beneath, and 
with two broad milk white stripes above, running the whole length 
of its body. Length 0.60 to 0.75. 
A full account of this species will be found in my first report, 
Transactions N. Y. State Agricultural Society for 1854, p. 715. 
Having recently enjoyed ample opportunities for inspecting the 
work of this borer, I find it is more variable in its habits than 
previous information had led me to suppose. The account given 
by Dr. Harris, the best authority we have hitherto possessed on 
subjects of this kind, has caused a very imperfect and in some 
respects erroneous idea of its operations to become widely preva¬ 
lent in our country. He says, “ The grub, with its strong jaws, 
cuts a cylindrical passage through the bark, and pushes its cast¬ 
ings backwards out of the hole from time to time, while it bores 
upwards in the wood, penetrating eight or ten inches in the tree.” 
But, as I have heretofore stated, it is when the worm first hatches 
from the egg that it mines its way through the bark, and is then 
so minute that the hole it makes is no larger than the perforation 
of a pin, and often becomes wholly closed and obliterated. And 
the worm does not now penetrate into the wood, but feeds upon 
the inner layers of the bark and the outer layers o 1 the sap-wood, 
for about a twelvemonth, and till it is half grown to maturity, 
excavating hereby a shallow flat cavity between the bark and the 
wood, which cavity extends some two or three inches up and down 
and is half as broad, but is commonly very irregular in its form, in 
consequence of several worms working in the same tree and avoiding 
any encroachment upon each other. This cavity is almost inva¬ 
riably found stuffed full and densely packed with the sawdust¬ 
like castings or chips of the worm, a small quantity of which is 
commonly protruded to the outside of the bark, sometimes throng.) 
a natural crack formed by the bark becoming dead, dry and cun- 
