STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY 
447 
HICKORY. LEAVES. 
have only one of these conical galls upon them, others have two, 
three or more. As many as a dozen may be found upon some 
leaves. And wandering about upon the surface of the leaf the 
mature winged flies will be found, which have crawled out from 
the gall in which they were nurtured, and in which multitudes 
of young lice in all the stages of their growth will be found 
crowded together and covering the walls of the cavity, with a Jew 
newly hatched winged individuals similar to those seen outside 
of the gall, but smaller and lighter colored, the whole of their 
body being pale yellow or with only a dusky band between the 
bases of their wings. As soon as they leave the gall, however, 
and expose themselves to the light and air, they change to a black 
color, the abdomen only remaining pale yellow often tinged with 
green. Some individuals may be observed in which the change 
in their colors is not fully completed, showing a pale yellow band 
upon their necks. Their legs are short and pale with black knees 
and feet. The antennae are short, thick and thread-like, scarcely 
longer than the head, and with but three or four joints, difficult 
to discern. The wings are placed horizontally upon the back and 
not elevated as in most of the plant lice. They are smoky-trans¬ 
parent with a more dusky spot or stigma on the outer margin 
between the tip of the rib-vein and the outer edge, the rib-vein 
being perfectly straight and not curved as in other plant liee to 
give a greater width to this stigma-spot. In addition to the rib- 
vein the fore wings have only three oblique veins, all of which 
are straight and black. The first of these is placed forward of 
the middle of the wing and runs from the rib-vein to the inner 
margin. The last one runs from the stigma to the tip of the wing 
and is abortive or imperceptible at its base where it starts from 
the stigma. The middle vein is parallel with this last and starts 
from the first vein above its middle and reaches the inner margin 
equidistant from the tips of the other two, its base being abortive 
for a short distance. The hind wings form a very conspicuous 
angular point on the middle of their outer margin and have a 
longitudinal rib-vein but are wholly destitute of any oblique vein 
running from it to the inner margin. 
From what has now r been stated it will be seen that this small insect 
presents some notable peculiarities. We have a second species, 
