INSECTS INFESTING EVERGREEN FOREST TREES. 
The pines, firs and other evergreen trees forming the natural 
order Coniferm, constitute a very distinct group among the forest 
trees of every country, differing remarkably by the sap or tur¬ 
pentine which forms their circulating fluid, a substance very 
unlike the mild watery juices of other trees. This substance is 
so repulsive and even poisonous to insects generally, that its 
essential oil has been much employed to protect the specimens 
in cabinets, drawers of clothing, &c., from the invasion of moths 
and other vermin of this class. Hence the trees of this kind are 
among the most cleanly that we possess, being seldom disfigured 
and stripped of their foliage by caterpillars and worms. This 
exemption is one prominent cause of their being so highly valued 
for ornamental purposes. And yet. as the following pages will 
show, these trees, particularly the pines, have a formidable 
number of insect enemies. But fortunately it is the bark and 
wood of decaying and dead treds which most of them prefer. 
In the introduction to a most valuable series of articles upon 
the insects of the maritime pine of southern Europe, now in the 
course of publication in the Annals of the Entomological Society 
of France, the author, M. Edouard Perris, gives a list of more 
than a hundred species which he has met with infesting this one 
kind of tree. He finds that every part of the tree has its 
enemies among this class of creatures. The flowers, the seed- 
cones, the leaves, the twigs, the bark, the wood, all have their 
peculiar insects, which they serve, some for food, others as a 
cradle for the repose of their offspring. Of these insects one 
portion infest the tree only when it is young, and a different 
sett resort to it when it is old. Some make their attack when 
the tree is in full health and vigor, others invade it only when 
it is sickly and feeble, and others still are attracted to it after 
it is dead and decaying, whilst yet a number more infest the dry 
timber and furniture made from its wood. Most of these dopre- 
