396 
Beekeeping 
Wild raspberry, Rubus strigosus. Shrubs, 3-6 feet, stems with 
small prickles. May-July or later. Honey white, flavor 
unsurpassed by that of any other hpney. In dry lands, Canada 
south in mountains to North Carolina and in west to New 
Mexico, to 5500 feet in North Carolina. Especially valuable 
in cut or burned over lands in northern Michigan and noted 
in parts of New York. This is said to be the original of the 
Cuthbert red raspberry so widely cultivated. Reliable where 
abundant. 
Willow family, Salicacese; see Poplars and Willows. 
Willow-herb, firewced, Chamcenerion angustifolium (Fig. 162). 
Perennial herbs, 2-8 feet, flowers pink to purple (rarely white), 
in spike-like racemes. Honey white, flavor excellent, not 
pronounced. In dry soil, especially in burned-over forest 
lands. Labrador south to North Carolina, Kansas and 
California, but especially in Michigan, Wisconsin, Minnesota, 
Canada and Washington. This species continues in bloom 
from July to frost, the flowers maturing in series upward on 
the stem. A heavy reliable yielder. 
Willows, Salix spp. Extraordinary value for pollen, some nectar. 
Early spring. 
Witchhazel family, Hamamelidaceao; see Sweet Gum. 
Yellow poplar ; see Tulip Poplar. 
Yucca, Hesperoyucca Whipplei. Semi-desert, California. 
