APPENDIX 
EXPLANATION OF SYMBOLS USED IN THE 
ANATOMICAL ILLUSTRATIONS 
Since nearly all of the illustrations of anatomical parts are 
from the work of Snodgrass it may be best to give the list 
of symbols and alphabetical lettering prepared by him and 
given on pp. 141-147 of his paper. These will aid in iden¬ 
tifying parts which are labeled in the illustrations, used in 
this book to illustrate certain portions only. 
1. SYMBOLS 
A, anal vein; 1 A, first anal, 2A, second anal, etc. 
AcGl, accessory gland of male reproductive organs. 
AGl, acid gland of sting, opening into poison sac ( PsnSc). 
AGID , duet of acid gland of sting. 
An, anus. 
ANP, anterior wing process of notum. 
ANR, anterior marginal ridge of notum. 
Ant, antenna. 
AntL, antennal lobe of brain. 
AntNv, antennal nerve. 
Ao, aorta. 
Ap, apodeme, any internal chitinous process of body-wall. 
Aph, anterior pkragma of any tergum, prepkragma. 
Ax, the axillarios or articular sclerites of the wing base, 
designated individually as lAx, 2Ax, 3Ax, and 4Ax. 
ax, accessory axillary sclerites of irregular occurrence in 
connection with the principal axillaries (yl.c). 
AxC, axillary cord, or ligament-like thickening of posterior 
edge of basal membrane of wing, attached to posterior 
angle of scutellum. 
AxM, axjllary membrane, the thin membrane of wing base, 
containing the axillary sclerites and forming in somo 
cases the lobes called alulae. 
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