STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 
189 
OAK. TRUNK. 
threads interspersed with its chips and forming a rough surface resembling 
felt, as it withdraws itself backwards for a distance of about three inches, 
thus placing itself beyond the reach of any bird or other enemy outside of 
the tree, should its retreat be discovered. And it here incloses itself in 
a cocoon which it spins of silk, of a long oval form, having the end towards 
the outer opening much thinner and its threads more loosely woven. In 
this cocoon it throws off its larva skin and then appears in its nymph or 
pupa form. 
The Pi: PA is an inch and three-quarters long and half an inch thick, of a dull chestnut 
color, tho rings of its abdomen palor, and on the back near tho anterior edge of each ring is 
a row of angular teeth, resembling those of a saw, of a dark brown color, and all of them in¬ 
clining backward, theso rows of teeth oxtending downwards upon each sido below tho breath¬ 
ing pores or about two-thirds of the distance around the body. On the middle of each ring 
is also a much shorter row of little tubcroular points. Finally, upon tho under side of the 
last segment are about four stouter conical teeth, tho tips of which aro drawn out into sharp 
points which aro curved forward, so that when this last segment, which is tapering and 
smaller than tho others, is bent downwards, these curved points will catch and hold tho body 
from moving forward. 
The pupa lies perfectly dorment in its cocoon probably a fortnight or 
longer. It then awakes from its slumbers and begins to writhe and bend 
itself from side to side. By this motion the rows of little teeth upon the 
rings of its abdomen, which incline backward as above described, catch in 
the threads of the cocoon, first upon one side and then upon the other, and 
thus move the body forward, whereby its head presses upon the loosely 
woven end of the cocoon, more and more firmly, until it forces its way 
through it, and the pupa works itself forward out of its cocoon. And the 
same writhing motion being continued, the teeth now catch iu the threads 
with which the sides of the hole arc lined, and thus though destitute of feet 
the pupa moves itself along, till it reaches and breaks through the thin 
scale of bark which hitherto has cl-osed tho mouth of its burrow, and 
pushes itself onward till about three-fourths of its length protrude from the 
tree, when by curving the tip of its body downward, the four little hooks 
thereon catch in some of the threads and hold it from advancing further 
and falling to the ground. By so much motion of the pupa the con¬ 
nections of the inclosed insect with its shell become sundered and tho 
sutures of the shell are probably cracked open, so that the moth readily 
presses them apart and crawls out therefrom, leaving the empty and now 
lifeless shell projecting out from the mouth of the hole, with a small mass 
of worm-dust surrounding it. 
The male moth is of a gray color from white scales intermixed with black ones. Tho head 
is furnished upon tho crown or vortex with longer or hair-like scales. Tho antennro aro taper¬ 
ing and many-jointed, their basal joint thickest and eoverod with blaok and gray scales, tho 
remaining joints being nakod, shining, coal-black, each joint bearing two branches on its 
frontside, forming two rows of coarso teeth liko those of a oomb, tho teeth being six or more 
times as long as thick, and all of tho samo length oxcept at the base and tip, whero they be- 
oomo shorter, nil of them oilatod with lino hairs. Tho foolers are oppressed to tho faco and 
roach as high as to tho middle of the eyes, and aro cyiindrio, clothed with short appresacd 
scales, tho separation of tho terminal joint being slightly perceptible. Tho thorax has tho 
shouldor-covers black, forming a stiipo of this color along oach side, whioh anteriorly ourro* 
