788 
ANNUAL REPORT OF NEW YORK 
OAK. TRUNK. 
rings, which arc twice as broad as long. On each of these rings are a few pimples of a deep 
purple color, regularly placed, each giving out a pale brown bristle. Four of these pimples 
are on the back, placed at the angles of an imaginary squaro or a trapezoid having its hind 
side the longest, the two hinder pimples being larger. Small white dots confluent into broken 
lines may also be perceived, forming a transverse square in which the two anterior pimples 
are inclosed, and other dots less regularly placed, surrounding the two hind pimples except 
upon their hind side. Above the breathing pores on each side is also a largo pimple, which, 
upon the four rings bearing the pro-legs, has a white dot in its lower, edge, which dot docs 
not appear in the corresponding pimples of the other rings. A minuto pimple is also seen for¬ 
ward of the upper end of each breathing pore, below which all the under side of tho worm is 
greenish white. The breathing pores arc oval and light yellow, with a rusty brown oval spot 
in their centre and a dark purple ring around their outer edge. Below them the skin bulges 
out, forming a longitudinal ridge, or rather two parallel ridges divided by a deep intervening 
furrow. Upon the upper one of these ridges near the middle of each ring is a round cherry- 
red spot in which arc two small pimples, and on tho lower ridge is a single one, placed farthor 
back, whilst four others, equally minute, may be seen farther down and around the anterior 
baso of the pro-legs. The second and third rings aro shorter, each with fourteen pimples of 
different sizes, the larger ones forming a single transverse row. The first ring or neck is pol¬ 
ished and of a dark tawny brown color on its upper side, with a white line in its middle disap¬ 
pearing anteriorly in a black two-lobed cloud. The head is but half as broad as the body, 
and is of a shining black color, tinged more or less with chestnut brown in its middle, with 
scattered punctures from which arise fine hairs. The antennae are chestnut brown, conical 
and three-jointed, tho last joint minuto, with a bristle beside it given out from tho apex of 
the second joint. The palpi are similar, with two small processes from the summit of their 
second joint, the outer one of which ends in a minuto fourth joint. Of the eight pairs of logs, 
the three anterior aro conical and end in a single chestnut-colored claw. The others are short, 
thick and retractile, with their soles surrounded by a blackish fringe-like ring composod of a 
multitude of minute hooks, the last pair, however, having these hooks only around the ante¬ 
rior and outer half of their soles. Placed in a glass or tin vessel this worm is perfectly help¬ 
less, being unable to cling with these hooks to a hard smooth surface. 
With the la^t change of its skin it loses its bright red color and is then white, tinged with 
green at the sutures, and with a pale green stripe along the middle of its back which disap¬ 
pears at the sutures. The pimples are of a pale tawny yellow color with black centres. The 
head is light tawny yellow varied in its middle with greenish whito, its anterior edge blackish 
and the jaws deep black. 
As the moth into which this worm changes possesses no jaws or other 
implements by which it is possible for it to perforate the wood, it is neces¬ 
sary for the worm to prepare a way for its future escape from the tree. 
And the provisions which it makes for this end are truly interesting, indi¬ 
cating that the worm has a clear perception of what its future condition and 
requirements will be, both in its pupa and its perfect state. This is tho 
more surprising when we recur to the fact that since its infancy this crea¬ 
ture has been lying deeply bedded in the interior of the tree, the only act 
of its life having been to crawl lazily around in its cell and gnaw the wood 
there, when impelled by hunger. How does it now come to do anything 
different from what it has been doing for months and years before ? But, 
having got its growth and the time drawing near to have it change into a 
pupa or chrysalis, we see it engaging in a new work. It now bores a pas¬ 
sage from the upper end of its cell, outward through the wood and bark till 
only a thin scale of the brittle dead outer bark remains. It is usually at 
the bottom of one of the large cracks or furrows in the bark that this 
passage ends, whereby the hole inside is less liable to be discovered by 
birds. The worm then diligently lines the walls of this hole with silken 
