830 
ANNUAL REPORT OF NEW YORK 
UNFRIENDLY MIDGE, ANOTHER SPECIES IN WHEAT. 
In America we have now had thirty years experience with this 
insect. We have become well acquainted with its history, its 
transformations and habits. The best remedies for it which we 
are able to devise and practise are but partially efficacious. It 
continues to be as numerous and destructive now as it has been 
at any previous period. By diminishing the yield of its wheat 
crops it is occasioning a loss to the State of New York of some 
millions of dollars annually. And this loss will continue until 
by accident, or by the hand of man, the parasitic destroyers 
of this insect become introduced into this country, when it will 
disappear, in the same manner that its predecessor and compeer 
in destructiveness, the Hessian fly, has disappeared, and has 
almost ceased to be felt as an evil. 
2. Unfriendly midge, Cccidomyia inimica, new species. (Dipfcera Tipuliclro.) 
In wheat heads, often in company with the yellow larvm of the wheat midgo, a similar 
larva of a white color and having a dark roddish internal stripe; Bccreting itself between the 
chaffs or descending to the ground to pass its pupa stato; at the close of summer changing to 
a dusky or black midge with a lurid yellowish abdomen and smoky iridescent wings, its body 
0.08 long. 
In the attentive inspection which I have been giving to the 
insects on grain the present year ( 1861 ), I have detected another 
insect on wheat, closely related to the wheat midge, but which, 
instead of remaining in its larva state through the winter, changes 
to a fly the latter part of August. As it thus completes its trans¬ 
formations in so short a time after the larva has finished feeding, 
it scarcely requires to travel down the straw to the ground to 
secrete itself during its dormant state; and we accordingly find 
that it sometimes remains in the ears of the wheat until it be¬ 
comes a fly. Upon what it then deposits its eggs, and where it 
lurks through the winter and till the wheat heads again appear 
the following June, are interesting points in its history which are 
still remaining to be discovered. 
It was on the eleventh of August that my attention was first 
directed to the larvai of this species as being different from those 
of the wheat midge. Ten wheat heads which had been gathered 
some three weeks previously, were placed the day before in a 
glass jar and set out doors in a sprinkling rain, for the larvm of 
the midge to descend from them. Of forty larvao which were 
thus obtained, six were noticed to differ from the others in being 
white or reddish white without any tinge of yellow, and in these 
the dark internal streak was very much larger, reaching two- 
