456 
ANNUAL REPORT OF NEW YORK 
BARBKRRY-AmiS. FIRST APPEARANCE OK. FEMALE DESCRIBED. / 
winter it amply suffices to start these insects, since all that hatch from the 
eggs are females. 
The young lice which are disclosed from the eggs rapidly grow up to 
maturity, casting their skins a few times as they increase in size. They 
do not acquire wings, nor do they produce eggs, but bring forth their young 
alive. In two instances which I carefully observed, these wingless females 
gave birth to six young in twenty-four hours, two of these being born in 
the day time and four during the night. The female is usually stationed in 
the centre of the leaf on its underside, her head towards the base of the 
leaf, and her young are settled along the midvein, some of them behind but 
most of them forward of her. She sometimes remains thus until the under 
surface of the leaf is almost covered with her progeny. But it appears to 
be the common habit of the female to stay but a day or two upon a particu¬ 
lar leaf. She then forsakes her half dozen or dozen descendants and 
wanders away and stations herself upon another leaf for a similar period of 
time, thus planting small colonies upon a dozen leaves or more before she 
has finished bearing and expires of old age. Some of the young lice also 
sometimes wander off and locate themselves upon a contiguous leaf. And 
so it comes to pass that, so early as the middle of May, leaves here and 
there over the whole of the bush, become inhabited by these lice, there 
being commonly from six to twelve clustered together on each infested leaf. 
They are stationary and motionless, with their heads towards the base of 
the leaf, hugging closely to its surface, their antennas and honey tubes 
turned backward and pressed to their bodies, their sharp needle-like beaks 
sunk into the leaf and sucking from it the juices. If the leaf be broken off, 
whereby the flow of sap through it begins to cease, they immediately dis¬ 
cover it, become uneasy, and commence moving about and wandering away. 
Although they reside on the underside of the leaf, at particular times, owing 
probably to some peculiar condition of the atmosphere, many of them are 
seen upon the upper side, in the groove here made by the midvein. 
Upon plucking a leaf and attentively examining the lice upon it with a 
magnifying glass, we find the cluster is made up of many small young 
individuals, and about an equal number of large older ones, all these being 
similar to each other in color, and a single large one wholly unlike the 
others in its color, this last being the mother of the group. 
The small lice or young larvae are short and thick, with the opposite sides 
of their bodies parallel. They are of a very pale yellow or yellowish-green 
color, the head often whitish and the eyes appearing like a small black dot 
on each side of it, with the legs and antennae white, short, thick and clumsy 
looking, the antennae not half as long as the body. 
The larger lice, which are larvae which have nearly or quite got their 
growth, are twice or thrice the size of the small ones and measure six to 
seven hundredths of an inch in length. They are egg-shaped, moderately 
flattened, and of a pale yellowish-green color, the head often paler, with 
coal-black eyes, and the body frequently shows a row of squarish grass- 
green spots along each side of the middle, sometimes with part of a, second 
row outside of these, giving them a checkered appearance. The legs, 
