516 
ANNUAL REPORT OF NEW YORK 
RADISH-FLY. MAGGOT AND FLY DESCRIBED. 
burrow with agility, by alternately contracting and elongating its 
body. 
The larva is 0.20 long, elongating itself to 0.25 when crawling. 
It is about three times as long as thick, appearing to be more 
short and broad than the larva of the Onion-fly. It is white, 
shining, cylindrical and tapering to a point anteriorly, where the 
jaws appear under the skin as a short, black, movable line, its 
anterior end when protruded forward becoming split, and then 
seen to be two sharp hooks, which are curved downward, and 
when the animal is crawling these hooks are pressed downward 
against the surface to aid in locomotion. The body is divided by 
transverse lines into eleven or twelve segments, and when the 
head is exserted thirteen segments can be counted. At the hind 
end of the back a pale tawny yellowish dorsal stripe is faintly 
visible. The hind.end is abruptly cut off, obliquely downward and 
slightly backward, forming a flat surface, having above its centre 
two conspicuous spiracles or elevated dots, their surface opake and 
rugose, and their color sometimes tawny yellow, sometimes black. 
This flattened hind end has a number of small acute teeth 
around its outer margin, of which the two lower ones are thicker, 
of a brownish color, and slightly notched or two-toothed at their 
tips in the large but not in the smaller young larvae. Above these 
on each side are three teeth, distant from each other, the middle 
one nearer to the upper than to the lower one. 
When full grown they change in the ground to reddish brown 
pupae, similar to those of the onion and cabbage maggots. The 
insect remains in this state two or three weeks, when the fly 
hatches and crawls up out of the ground, with its wings crump¬ 
led up, and climbing up the side of a clod or any perpendicular 
surface which it finds, these members expand and assume their 
proper form before they become dried and firm. 
In these Radish-flies the two sexes differ materially. Tho «ia/e is ash gray and very 
bristly; tho large compound eyes occupy most of tho surfaoo of tho head and are almost in 
contact upon the crown. There are also three minute eyes at tho base of tho crown. Tho 
face is silvery gray, almost whito in some reflections of tho light, with a long black streak 
on the forehead, which is pointed at its hind end. Below this streak are tho black three- 
jointed autonnm, tho basal joint being small, the second large, tho third largest and oval, 
with a two-jointed pubescent bristle on tho back, tho first of tho joints being very minute. 
Tho fore-body is oblong, whitish on the sides, with throo faint interrupted dusky stripes 
upon the back. Tho hind body is shining gray, rather small and elliptical, tapering to 
the apex, with a black stripe down the back, tho edges of tho segments and tho region of 
the scutol being also black. The two wings are largo, transparent, iridescent, laid the 
one upon tho other in repose, tho longitudinal veins extending to tho margin, with two 
