560 
Annual Report of New York 
nip crop their presence upon it is noticed much less than on the cab¬ 
bage. 
It received its scientific name from Linnaeus, first in his Fauna of 
Sweden, published in 1746, where, and in his subsequent works, he 
termed it Papilio (Danai Gandidi) Rapoe, the last or specific name 
being the old Latin and also the botanical name of the tuniip. And 
by this name only it has been known to naturalists from that day to 
this, it having escaped from becoming overloaded with synonyms 
as are so many of the common European insects. Although a multi 
tude of writers have noticed it, it is a pleasure to see its several vari¬ 
eties have been mistaken and proposed as species only in two or three 
instances. 
A prominent trait of this insect, is its quiet peaceful disposition. 
The larvae avoid any intrusion upon each other, and upon other 
insects. Each one appears to feel it has a right to the leaf on which 
it finds itself placed, and is reluctant to forsake it and go to another 
leaf, as if fearful it might thereby be encroaching on the domain of 
another. Whoever has fed these worms, in cages, will have noticed 
that when fresh leaves are supplied to them, they do not begin to 
feed on them until the leaf they have been eating is consumed, or 
has become so stale and dried that it is no longer edible. The young 
worms are particularly timorous in this respect. When a small piece 
containing a young worm is cut out from a leaf, it soon becomes so 
dry and hard that the worm is unable to eat it, yet it appears to feel 
it has no right to any' other leaf than that. This dried fragment, 
with the worm standing upon it, being placed upon a fresh leaf, the 
worm, pressed with hunger, after awhile crawls hesitatingly to the 
edge, and reaching off begins to feed upon the fresh leaf. But if any 
slight jar or other motion occurs, it instantly draws back, as if it felt 
guilty of pilfering a dinner which belonged to another, and it stealthily 
glides to the middle of the dry fragment, seemingly to make it appear 
that it has not been intruding outside of its own domain. 
If an aphis is located on the under side of a leaf on which a worm 
is feeding, the latter avoids encroaching upon, or in any way molest¬ 
ing it, leaving untouched a portion of the leaf a half inch or more in 
extent around the aphis. 
When a worm is jostled or otherwise annoyed by another worm, 
an aphis, fly or insect wandering about upon the leaf, it jerks its head 
violently from side to side, which usually has the effect of turning 
the intruder away. But if this resort fails, the worm stoically sub¬ 
mits, and without further resistance allows the other to crowd against 
