Formation and General Features of Ruwenzori. 
The mountain of which Stairs caught a glimpse on his way 
up a valley to the north-west of the chain, perhaps the 
Russirubi Valley, was probably Mt. Emin. This mountain is 
illustrated on p. 256 of the above-mentioned volume, and 
this view, taken from the west, corresponds fairly in appearance 
to Mt. Emin from the east in the photographic panorama taken 
by H.R.H. from the Iolanda Peak of Mt. Gessi. (See 
illustration, p. 241.) 
As to the “ Saddle Peak ” of Stanley, it certainly corresponds 
to the two peaks Alexandra and Margherita, which stand in 
a line running; north-east to south-west. To any one observing 
them as Stanley did from the north-west or south-east, they 
would appear as twin peaks, whereas one would be hidden by 
the other if the observer stood in a line with them. 
More exact accounts of the chain have been given to us by 
Stuhlmann. The more or less schematic illustration of the 
chain, as seen from the southern part of the Semliki Valley to 
the south-west of the great peaks, and reproduced on p. 281 
of Stuhlmann’s book,* can easily be identified on the map of 
H.R.H. There is no doubt that the central and greatest 
mountain group given by Stuhlmann under the name “Semper” 
is to be identified with the Mt. Stanley; hence, the two moun¬ 
tains to its right, designated by Stuhlmann with the names 
Weismann and Moebius, cannot be anything hut Mt. Baker and 
Mt. Luigi di Savoia. As to the mountain called by Stuhlmann 
Kraepelin, whose summits are barely visible at a considerable 
distance from Semper, this must be Mt. Emin. From 
Stuhlmann’s point of observation, Mt. Speke must have been 
hidden by Mt. Stanley, or only partly visible, and easily con¬ 
founded with it. This fact, namely, the omission of Mt. Speke 
* Dr. F. Stuhlmann, “Mit Emin Pasha ins Herz von Africa,” Berlin, 1894. 
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