Formation and General Features of Buwenzori. 
of bamboos, with brambles, orchids and ferns, in whose shade 
grow violets, ranunculi, geranium, epilobium, thistles, and 
umbelliferous plants. 
Towards 11,500 feet a certain number of the aromatic 
plants, which had formed a large part of the underwood, cease, 
and among the trees only the heaths, lobelias, and senecios 
remain, while the ferns become prominent, and the lycopodium, 
mosses, and lichens develop to an inordinate degree. This 
development reaches its maximum at about 12,500 feet, a little 
before the point where the heaths stop altogether, beyond 
which remain only senecios, lobelia, reeds, mosses, and lichens. 
* 
Here the helichrysum, or everlasting flower, which had 
already been noticed at about 11,500 feet, forms dense thickets, 
which reach up to the glaciers together with the senecios, and 
is the last form of shrubby vegetation. Among the numerous 
specimens of helichrysum and senecio brought home by the 
expedition, there were several new species. Mention should be 
made here of a fine and rare tree found at Bujongolo, belonging 
to the family Ericaceae, and the genus Philippia. 
On the peaks are seen mosses, lichens, a few rare graminacese 
and a few dwarf phanerogams which remind one of the 
characteristic vegetation of our own Alps. At and above 
16,000 feet the rocks are bare. 
The expedition had not proposed to itself the task of 
making special and minute researches regarding the fauna of 
the region. So far, however, as was possible, in spite of the 
rapidity of the marches and the unfavourable circumstances, as 
many animal specimens as possible were collected, and to these 
were added large collections made for the expedition by the 
Catholic missionaries. 
As they ascended the Mobuku Valley the fauna became less 
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