The Ruwenzori Range. 
( w ) “His (Ptolemy’s) latitudes and longitudes are clearly worthless, except in so far as 
the former represent the broad fact that these lakes, and therefore the sources of the Nile, 
were actually situated south of the equator.’’ So Bunbury in the quoted work, Yol. II, 
pp. 614-15. 
( 15 ) Cape Aromata is usually identified with Cape GuarJcif 'id. Henry Sculichter (Proe. 
of the Royal Geographical Society, 1891, p. 529), places it much farther south, and identifies 
it with Ras Aswad (lat. 4° 30' N.). Cape Rhaptum is placed by Ptolemy at one and a-lialf 
degree from the commercial emporium of Rhapta in the direction of the south. Touching its 
identity with any of the coast headlands in that part of Africa, geographers are not quite of 
accord. Muller places it at Ras Puna, Berlioux and Schlicliter at Ras MambamTcu. Nor is 
it easy to indicate the position of the commercial emporium of Rhapta, since it did not lie on 
the coast, but somewhat inland. Still, as the River Rhaptus of Ptolemy’s Geography is most 
probably identical with the Pangani, not a few geographers place Rhapta on the lower course 
of that river. Bunbury {op. cit., p. 454), says that Rhapta stood at the head of the bay 
opposite Zanzibar, not far from Bagamoyo. 
( lli ) Geogr., Book I, chap. 9. 
( 17 ) Admitting that Rhapta corresponded to some place on the lower course of the 
Pangani, Ptolemy’s latitude 7° S. would differ by 1° 30' from the actual, the mouth of the 
Pangani being at 5° 30'. If we locate Rhapta with Bunbury in the neighbourhood of 
Bagamoyo, the agreement will be almost perfect. In any case, the nearly correct description 
of the eastern seaboard is easily explained when we remember that, as we know from the 
Periplus Maris Erythraei and from the language of Ptolemy himself, the coast lands north 
of Rhapta were at that time very well known. 
( 18 ) See the foregoing note. 
( 19 ) Strabo, Geogr., Book XVII, chap. 1,1 ; Berger, Die geographischen Fragmente des 
Fraiosthenes, Vol. I, p. 302 sq. 
( so ) Stanley, In Darlcest Africa, Vol. II, p. 270. 
( 2I ) Proceedings of the Royal Geographical Society, 1891, p. 550. 
(--) II. Schltchter in Proceedings of the Royal Geographical Society, 1891, p. 534. 
(- ! ) Bunbury, History of Ancient Geography, Vol. II. 
( 2 i) \y e fc now that the first notions regarding these gigantic mountains of East Africa 
date from the travels of the missionaries Krapf and Rebmann (1848-1851). 
(■’) The Montes A/rapei of European Sarmatia may serve as an instance. 
P') Bunbury argues much to the same effect. “ The precision with which he determines 
the position and limits of a range of mountains, concerning which he had no real knowledge, 
and which had no existence in fact, finds a parallel in that of the Hyperborean Mountains in 
European Sarmatia; and there seems no doubt that the process by which Ptolemy arrived at 
his conclusion was much the same in both cases. In this instance he had learned the existence 
of two lakes, which he believed to be the sources of the Nile ; he had learnt also the existence 
of a range of mountains, some of which were so lofty as to be covered with snow, though 
situated under the equator; he then at once assumed that the lakes were fed by the snow's of 
the mountains, and having no real idea of the position of these last, drew them on his map in 
a straight line, to the south of the lakes, extending far enough to the east and west, to supply, 
as he conceived, the necessary drainage.” See History of Ancient Geography, Vol. II, 
p. 616. It is needless to observe that the learned historian does not admit with Cooley the 
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