314 
CHAPTER VIII. 
Plate IX. — the spine. 
Fig. 1. The human spine , so named from the series of sharp pro¬ 
cesses projecting from the posterior part of the vertebrae. The 
spine consists of seven vertebrae of the neck, distinguished by the 
perforations in their transverse processes; of twelve belonging to 
the back, and marked by depressions for the heads of the ribs; and, 
lastly, of five belonging to the loins, which are larger than the other 
vertebrae. 
Fig. 2. A separated dorsal veiiebra: a, the body of the vertebra; 
6, the ring through which the spinal marrow passes: c, c, the artic¬ 
ulating sui*faces to which the ribs are united. 
Fig. 3. The vertebra of a very large serpent, drawn from a spe¬ 
cimen belonging to the Anatomy School of Christ Church, Oxford. 
This figure shows the socket of the vertebra. 
Fig. 4. The ball or rounded joint, evidently calculated for ex¬ 
tensive motion. 
Fig. 5. A part of the spine of the same reptile; it is exceedingly 
strong, each bone being united to the other by fifteen surfaces of 
articulation. 
