' WSSOURI BOTAfC 
- i George Engelmann Pap, 
°L - - . 
Sitigtr’s giltraristbtt Pmrafslttritljt. 
H 0 ft t 0 f 0 g. 
August Becker, Chef-Redacteur des Cincinnati Courier, einer der bekanntestej 
und. tfichtigsten deutschen Journalisten in den Yer. Staaten, f am 26. Marz in Cid 
Mat}. Er-vvdr gfborenlm Jahre 18X4 in Hochwiese in der Wetterau, bezog i| 
Jadire 1832.d^Universifai<?iessen. wo er in die burschenschaftlichen Bewegungd 
verwickelt wfirde. Nach eitter 4jahrigen Untersucliungshaft ging er nach der Schwe! 
und von da nach Amerika, wo er seine T&angkeit der deutschen PresSe widmete uri 
im Laufe der Jahre mehrere Jdurnale in yjpschiedenen St&dten der UniopE redigirt 
Seit 1864 wohixte er in Cincinnati und am/l. November 1869 tlbemahm er die K 
diction des nfugegrundeteh Courier, in Welcher Stellupg er stfrb. 
Frau Hawthorne, amerikanische Schriftstellerin, Gattin des Schriftstellers Natfl 
niel Hawthorne, die seit dem Tode d^selben erst in Dresden, dann in London lebj 
f daselbst am 26. Februar. g ' j$ 
George Ticknor, einer ddf b^hhmtesten amcrikanjsfchen Gelehrten, friiher Pi 
fessor de^4eueren Sprachfff am Harvard College, Yerfasser einer bekannten <j 
schichttfaer spanischen Literaiur, ein Yerehrer deutscher Wissy&nschaftuj^L Gele 
samkeit, im Jahre 1791 in Boston geboren, f daselbst am 26. Jaliuar. / 
Wphelm Weitling, in fruheren-Jahr^n als communistjefeher S^hgftsteller ^ 
Fuhrer^on Arbiit^be^eguh^en bekannt, 1808 in Magdeburg geWen, f am 
Janua^dn New l|ork. 
Graf Adalbert von Baudissin, durch novellistische Arbeiten bekannt, f am, 
M&rz in Wiesbaden, 50 Jahre alt. 
Hofrath August Boden, bekannt durch seine Schriften tiber Les#|Bg und Goi 
t am 10. Marz in Gottingen. 
Robert Chambers, Chef der Yerlagshandlung AYiHiaim & Robert £hamfoer| 
Fdifibiifgh, (^iind^^^^'hambers’ Journal,*rinch als-fechriftsteller l&n^fif, j 
St. Andrews amT7. Mrzf 69 Jahre alt.' ** 
Lewis Doxat, eines der aitesten Mitglieder der Londoner Presse, 60 Jahre 1 
Redacteur des Observer, t in London in der 2. Marzwoche, 98 Jahre alt. 
Prof. Dr. Ludwig Eckardt, bekannt als dramatischer Schripfeteller, f in Tes< 
in Bohmen am 1. Februar. 
Baron Jos. vom Ebtwps, berhhpter/ungarischer ;Sehsiftsfeller und Staatsm 
1848 Unt erricbtsi^i ster, f dT2. FebrUar in EPesth. " / 
Georg GGSFvTnus, biarvor wenigen Jahren Honorarprofessor an der philosi 
schen Facult&t in Heidelberg, einer der ausgezeichnetsten deutschen Schriftsl 
und Literarhistoriker, am 20. Mai 1805 zu Darmstadt geboren, f in HeidelberJ 
18. Marz. 
Ritter Willi, von Haidinger, ehemals Director der geologischen Reichsans 
einer der beriihmtesten Geologen, f in Wien am 9. Marz. 
Dr. Johann Baptist Henkel, Professor der Pharmacie in Tubingen, f daselbsi 
2. Marz. M 
73 W 
<*77 cj i 
Dr. S. Lantziqs Benninga, Professor der Botanik, f am IK Marz in Gottingej 
Dr. August Lewald, bekannter Schriftsteller, ^Griinde| cjy^Zeitschrift Eun 
D^?$rie$f K^fG'^tr ^jtScl$ferlicK Troftss^in^d^mpflicinischen Facultat 
' SK^'T^ifarz. 
& * 
1 
SSieiger a ^xtzxRxm^n ^Lxmatslrjerxx:^t. 
soldierly elan ? And yet not a single battle won, and routed in almost every one of 
the many contests that took place; whole armies taken prisoners for the first time 
in the history of wars, and fortresses subdued and surrendered, heretofore considered 
invincible! What was the cause of all these unheard-of and appalling disasters? 
But one answer is to be given to this inquiry, namely: that it was all on account of 
the better instruction of the German masses, and the superior education of their 
officers. Neglect of the education and the ignorance of the French people did it ail. 
The German schools have conquered the French. “The men in specs,” as a war- 
correspondent has aptly expressed it, “have won the battles.” And did not, com- 
paratively speaking, the same causes operate in our late contest with the Southern 
rebels? Their superior officers may have been the equals of our own, because we 
educated them, but it was surely not so with their rank and file. 
Others in our midst like to point to the large number of self-made men, when¬ 
ever the question of improved and enlarged popular education is raised, and consider 
j that a sufficient denial. They altogether lose sight of the fact, that these self-made 
men -are invariably also self-educated men. Franklin, Jackson, Cass, Lincoln and 
Douglas were not Collegiates and they enjoyed comparatively little schooling, but 
they were nevertheless educated men; they educated and instructed themselves. 
The same genius, force of character, energy of will, perseverance, and latent talent 
of which these illustrious men were the fortunate possessors, are however rare gifts ; 
and a people would sink into ignorance and intellectual barrenness and decay, if its 
E j . youth were afforded no other impetus than a spontaneous force for self-perfection 
/ would give them. 
The masses of the English realm are receiving what is called a “common 
1 English education,” and royalty and nobility may deem it exactly suited to their 
notions and for their interests. Masses wanted only to toil, to pay and to obey, 
need not be instructed and educated. But can you let the future citizens of this 
y* republic sink to the same level, without impeding its progress and endangering its 
maintenance and stability? Why are the poor classes of Scotland superior to those 
of England, and, in this country, uniformly more successful in the pursuits of life and 
happiness ? It is owing to their somewhat superannuated, yet in its way excellent 
parochial sohool-system, which was benefiting all classes of the people long before 
the time when in England the first steps for a popular education were taken. Up to 
1820, sixty per cent of English children received no instruction at all; in 1850, the num¬ 
ber of untaught was reduced to about one third ; and as far down as 1861, the whole 
number of children visiting the schools corresponded to 13 per cent only of the total 
population of England and Ireland. The state aid afforded both these countries in 
i ■ 1865 amounted to six million dollars, or not much more than is annually spent in the 
same direction by the State and City of New York alone. 
£■- Up to a very recent date not more than 20 per cent of the pupils of the schools 
of England were visiting them regularly, that is for about 200 days in a year. 
It is evident, therefore, that in our days the model for a “common English edu- 
I cation” can no longer be sought in the old country; we have outgrown it altogether 
in this as in many other respects. If we should still be in need of precepts or pat- 
W terns worthy of our adoption and imitation, we have to turn our eyes to Germany 
and Switzerland, but not to Great Britain, whose high colleges and universities have 
not to this very day wholly banished the spirit of the middle age from their tur- 
reted and castled walls, and arched refectories and chapels. But while we should 
follow the progress, and study the improvements gained in educational matters by 
any one nation, we need copy or imitate none; we should on the contrary continue 
to create our own models, as we have done already with our system of “Public 
Schools”, and as other free and self-governing nations, like the old Greeks and 
18711 Marz u. April. 35 
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Missouri 
Botanical 
cm copyright reserved Garden 
