Costaria, Undaria, and Laminaria. 715 
Figs. 32-5. Undariapinnatijida f. distans. 
Figs. 32 and 33. Young blades with the midrib and the ligules formed. Cryptostomata are 
frosted over the blade except at the transitional region and on the midrib. Nat. size. 
Fig. 34. Cross-section of blade of a plant about 6 mm. in total length, to show the ‘ Anlage’ 
of three mucilage glands in the distromatic area, x 450. 
Fig. 35. Cross-section of blade through a young cryptostoma, x 450. 
Figs. 36-46. Laminaria sp. 
Fig. 36. An embryonal frond with polystromatic transitional region, x 36. 
Fig. 37. The apex of the same, x 240. 
Fig. 38. Cross-section of the basal portion of blade of a plant about 2 cm. in total length. About 
a is the axis of the blade, x 240. 
Fig. 39- A diagrammatic figure to show the boundaries of variously layered areas; a, b, c, d, e , 
mono-, di-, tii-, tetra-, poly-stromatic area respectively. 
Fig. 40. The simple primary root from a plant about 2 cm. in total height. x 10. 
Fig. 41. The same, from a plant about 7 cm. in total height; the 1 Anlagen’ of the rhizines are 
seen as small wart-like protuberances near the scutellate root, x 10. 
Fig. 42. A more advanced stage of the same, from a frond about 20 cm. in total height, x 5. 
Figs. 43 and 44. Cross-sections of middle and transitional region respectively of a blade 
measuring about 4 mm. in length. x 450. 
Fig. 45. A portion of four-layered area with hyphal cells seen from the surface by varying the 
focus. The small cells at the right hand show the epidermis ; large cells, the precortical layer; the 
shaded cells, the hyphal filaments. The left upper side is the limit of the four-layered area, x 240. 
Fig. 46. Cross-section of blade of Laminaria ochotensis at middle part of its whole length. 
Nat. size. 
