Nichols—Binucleated Cells in Some Basidiomycetes. 49 
ularly binucleated, the nuclei showing the same structure as 
those found in the mycelium. 
A section through a carpophore which is more mature shows 
the hyphae in the central portion arranged in parallel series ver¬ 
tical to the base. At the center there are a number of slender 
hyphae. Near the top these slender hyphae spread out and 
slightly downward to form the young pileus. The outer network 
of loose hyphae still encloses the growing cap and stipe. It is 
scarcely attached to the cap except near the apex where a few 
slender hyphae from the center of the pileus pass out into it. 
Below the cap it is continuous with the hyphae of the stipe. At 
this time previous to the formation of the gills the cells of the 
stipe have from four to eight nuclei. The cytoplasm is filled 
with large vacuoles. 
Maire has described the formation and structure of the gills 
of Clitocyhe aurantiacoMycena galericulata, S Iropharia semi- 
globata, ITypholoma appendiculata, and Psathyrella disseminata. 
He finds that when the basidia are formed the cells of the trama 
are binucleated but in the stipe and pileus the cells are multinu- 
cleated. Harper has found this* true also for Coprinus ephe¬ 
meras. 
I have also studied the young carpophore of other forms with¬ 
out growing them from spores to determine the arrangement of 
the nuclei in the young carpophore and in the mycelium in the 
substratum. 
A species of Crepidoius was found growing on a rotten log in 
the green-house during the winter. The specimens were fixed 
with a portion of the substratum. For the most part the hyphae 
fill the vascular elements of the wood densely and are difficult 
to distinguish. But there are also single hyphae which grow in 
some of the large ducts that are favorable for study. The cells 
are very poor in protoplasmic contents. Two nuclei lie close to¬ 
gether near the center of the cell surrounded by a little granular 
cytoplasm. At the surface the mycelial hyphae come together 
and twine around each other forming a short tangled mass which 
is the base of the carpophore. The hyphae branch profusely 
and curve upward growing in a vertical direction to form the 
4 
