194 The American Geologist . March, 1896 
come parallel or nearly so on the limbs of folds and to inter¬ 
sect each other at the arches and troughs. In case the folding 
is close the two structures may be so nearly parallel, except 
at the short turns of the anticlines and synclines, that the fact 
that there is a discrepancy anywhere is apt to be overlooked 
and the conclusion reached that in a given district the two 
structures are everywhere accordant. This mistake in the past 
has frequently led to great overestimates of the thickness of 
formations having slatiness or schistosity. 
Prof. Van Hise’s observations and conclusions were corrob¬ 
orated and supported by Messrs. Diller, Willis and Keith. 
W. F. Morsell. 
Iowa Geological Survey. 
The annual report of the state geologist of Iowa, for the 
year 1895, has been submitted to the Board and ordered 
printed. It includes, in addition to the usual administrative 
papers, reports upon six counties. Jones county is reported 
upon by Prof. Calvin. He divides the Niagara series of the 
Silurian into four divisions: (1) Delaware stage, (2) Le 
Claire stage, (3) Anainosa stage, (4) Bertram stage. The Le 
Claire is characterized by a large number of local dips which 
are interpreted as the result of cross-bedding. The Anamosa 
stage includes the heavy limestone beds which have been so 
extensively quarried. Dr. S. W. Beyer, in his report upon 
Boone county, has mapped the inner moraine of the Des 
Moines lobe. This is shown upon the first of the Pleistocene 
maps published by the Iowa Survey. In Warren county Prof. 
J.L. Tilton has paid especial attention to the physiography. He 
thinks that the Des Moines river is a subsequent stream, and 
that North, Middle and South rivers are obsequent. In Wash¬ 
ington county Mr. H. F. Bain has studied the relations be¬ 
tween the Devonian and the Carboniferous. It seems probable 
from these studies that what has been known as the Kinder- 
hook shale may be the southern extension of the Lime Creek 
shales which contain a prolific Devonian fauna. In the re¬ 
port upon Woodbury county Mr. Bain has summarized the 
work upon the Cretaceous in Iowa and has reviewed the his¬ 
torical controversy which arose during the formation of the 
“Upper Missouri section.” In Appanoose county he has 
mapped the known areas underlain by the Mystic coal and 
has gone quite fully into the various problems connected with 
the mining of this bed. 
It is announced that volume VI will shortly be ready for 
the press. It is expected to contain a full report on the arte¬ 
sian wells of the state by Prof. W. H. Norton, as well as a 
paper by Dr. Beyer upon the Sioux quartzite and certain as¬ 
sociated rocks, and a report upon the lead and zinc deposits 
of Iowa by Prof. A. G. Leonard. 
