254 
The American Geologist. 
April, 1896 
this work were satisfactory to a degree. Both the Algonquin and 
Nipissing beaches were found developed in fine form, and both were 
traced with substantial continuity from their nodal points on the east 
coast northward and upward to the strait, and then southward and 
downward to their nodal points on the west coast. The altitude and 
position of the beaches departed from expectation, as previously calcu¬ 
lated from their place in surrounding areas (Am. Geologist, Feb. and 
March, 1895: Am. Jour. Sci., April, 1895), in only two or three instances 
and to a very slight degree. The places on the Michigan shore described 
in an earlier paper (Am. Jour. Sci., March, 1892) were revisited and 
examined more closely. 
The month of September was spent on the north coast of lake Super¬ 
ior. Several of Prof. Lawson’s localities were visited, and his descrip¬ 
tions (Twentieth Ann. Rex>t., Minn. Geol. and Nat. Hist. Survey) of 
the shore lines were verified in every case. The Nipissing beach is very 
pronounced in its development and was clearly recognized along the 
whole coast, rising from 61 feet (levelled by Lawson) above the lake in 
Port Arthur to about 115 feet (aneroid) at Peninsula Harbor in the 
extreme northeast. It is hard to see how Prof. Lawson could have 
failed to recognize the identity and continuity of this strand. It was 
readily distinguished by its accustomed characters at every place visited 
on this shore. His scheme of correlation was clearly disproved so far 
as relates to the lower strands; and my paper (Am. Geologist, May, 
1895), discussing the significance of his observations on these beaches, 
stands fully justified. 
On the higher beaches, however, my results, so far as they go, seem 
to indicate that Prof. Lawson’s belief that they are approximately hori¬ 
zontal is substantially correct. So far as I could discover, the highest 
distinctly wave-made beach in the vicinity of Port Arthur is about 440 
to 450 feet above the lake. (Lawson gives the delta at Kaministiquia 
station as 455 feet.) This strand was found near Port Arthur at three 
other places besides the one mentioned by Lawson. But while no beach 
properly so called was found above this one, a very remarkable lacus¬ 
trine deposit of fine red clay was found in the valley of Sunshine creek, 
a tributary of the Kaministiquia, and extending for several miles up the 
Canadian Pacific railway main line. At about 875 to 900 feet above the 
lake the clay was succeeded by a zone of sand and washed gravel. No 
beach ridges were seen, but no very favorable situation for their pro¬ 
duction came in view. The impression at the time was that this was 
probably a local lake filling the Kaministiquia and White Fish valleys 
and their tributaries and held in on the east by the ice-sheet in the 
vicinity of Port Arthur. 
Farther north and east the results appear to be quite contrary to 
anticipation. (Am. Geologist, June, 1894; Am. Jour. Sci., Jan. and 
April, 1895.) The places where the higher beaches were seen fall 
chiefly in two groups, one in the region of Thunder bay, and the other, 
which I call the Jackfish group, extending eastward from Schreiber. 
The intervening gap of 60 to 70 miles is too great for the assumption of 
